The specific capsular polysaccharide of type 46 Streptococcus pneumoniae (American type 73) was isolated in pure form and shown to be a high-molecular-weight, glycosidically linked polymer composed of d-galactose (2 mol), N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (1 mol), N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (1 mol), and N-acetyl-l-fucosamine (1 mol).

Bandeiraea simplicifolia plant seeds contain a family of five alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-binding isolectins (BS I-A4, A3B, A2B2, AB3, B4) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-binding lectin (BS II). After Pi/NaCl extraction and ammonium sulfate fractionation BS II is specifically adsorbed onto p-aminobenzyl-1-thio-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide-succinylaminohexylaminyl--Sepharose-4B. The BS I isolectins pas...

A d-glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase from Blastocladiella emersonii zoospores was partially purified to a specific activity of 2.41 IU per mg of protein. Its pH optimum was 8.05 and its K(m) values were 2.4 x 10(-4) M d-glucosamine 6-phosphate and 0.38 x 10(-4) M Na(3)S-acetyl coenzyme A.

The effects of carbohydrates on the toxicity of p-Aminophenyl arsenoxide (p-APAO) against S. cerevisiae were investigated by Microcalorimetry, including glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, N-acetyl glucosamine, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucosamine (OADG), and chito-oligomer. The toxicity of p-APAO on S. cerevisiae decreased in the presence of OADG or chito-oligomer. Among the test carbohydrate...

The amphiphilic graft copolymer using chitosan (CS) as hydrophilic segment and poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) as hydrophobic segment, was prepared through a protection-graft-de protection route. Chitosan is a polysaccharide comprising of copolymers of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine. Chitosan is the deacetylated derivative of chitin, which is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharides c...

Nitrogen bioavailability is considered to limit the productivity of oceanic oligotrophic gyres, the largest biomes on Earth. In order to assess the microbial requirement for small organic nitrogen molecules in these and other waters, the microbial uptake rates of amino acids (leucine, methionine and tyrosine) and amino sugars (glucosamine and N-acetyl-glucosamine) as well as glucose were compar...

The hypothesis that there is impaired endogenous synthesis of glucosamine 6-phosphate in Huntington's-chorea fibroblasts was tested by double labelling matched pairs of fibroblasts in culture with carrier-free H3 32PO4 and [U-14C]glucosamine. The [32P]UDP-N-acetyl[14C]glucosamine and [14C]glucosamine 6-[32P]phosphate of the cellular soluble fraction was isolated by charcoal column and paper chr...

The first enzyme of the pathway for uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (UDPAG) biosynthesis i.e. L-glutamine: D-fructose 6-P amidotransferase (E.C. 2.6.1.16) was purified 52-fold from human placenta using methanol fractionation and column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50. The enzyme showed optimal activity in a broad range of pH from 5.8 to 7.8 in both phosphate and cacodylate ...

Cell-free extracts of ikfucor rouxii contain enzymes which synthesize uridine diphosphate &lcetyl-D-glucosamine from IV-acetyl-n-glucosamine. Procedures are described to prepare radiolabeled UDP-GlcNAc using cell-free extracts or living cells of this fungus. This sugar nucleotide serves as the precursor for chitin synthesis. Free N-acetyl-n-glucosamine is a strong activator of chitin synthesis....

n-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase was purified by affinity and ionexchange chromatography. two major, a and b, and three minor intermediate forms were isolated and characterized. nag-a and nag-b were purified 440 and 1200 fold with final yields of 16 and 23 percent respectively. each activity was represented by a single protein band. after 70 min preincubation at 55°c a loss of70% activity of nag-a ...