nosocomial infection and its heavy financial cost is a well recognized problem. a variety of sources of organisms involved in nosocomial infection have been identified in recent years. one potential route of bacterial infection is contamination. in order to assess the importance of food contamination, we carried out a survey of bacterial examination of food and the kitchen environment of 14 hos...

abstract introduction: this study was conducted to detect asymptomatic cases of visceral leishmaniasis in human and dog, using pcr and serology methods in darab, fars province. material and methods: in this descriptive cross-sectional survey, blood samples were randomly collected from all children aged 10 years old; 10% of the adults and 20% of the dog owners were investigated. to determine the...

background: tourniquets used repeatedly on patients for blood sampling are a potential source of nosocomial infections. they harbor numerous microorganisms, including methicillin‑resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). the aim of this study was to investigate tourniquets for the presence of microorganisms and to ascertain the infection control practices of health care workers. methods: a cross‑...

background : hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections are major global public health problems. this study was conducted to investigate the incidence rate of these infections over six successive years in hamadan province, the west of iran. methods: this retrospective cohort study was conducted on the database of hepatitis registry. in this study, 1257 subjects infected by h...

D d M S v ackground & Aims: The recently proposed Inflammatory eflex describes an interaction between the vagus nerve and eripheral macrophages, resulting in attenuation of proinflamatory cytokine release in response to systemic exposure to acterial endotoxin. The purpose of this study was to determine hether a similar vagus/macrophage axis modulates the inammatory responses in the colon in mic...

with an estimated 170 million infected individuals, hepatitis c virus (hcv) has a major impact on public health. frequency of hcv infection was studied in 785 referred patients to a private laboratory, tehran, iran from april 2003 until march 2006 by pcr method. analyzed results revealed infection rate was 40.27%, 35.51% and 33.09% in the first, second and third year, respectively. frequency ra...

In an earlier peper [ I ] on the experimental evd~~iit ioll of cyhernetic models for 1)acterial growth on multiple substrates, we presented certain hasic postulates 1)ased on all existing experimental literatnre known to us that all models for bacterial growth in a multisuhstrate environment must satisfy. At the suggestion of one of the reviewers of that paper, we are presenting an analysis of ...

conclusions although nurses are the most involved occupational group in documented ns, surgeons are the most important high risk hcw who need pep. no case of seroconversion has taken place as a result of pi. this means that the current pep may have an effective role in hiv prevention. results from a total of 369 cases, 273 (74%) were hcws, among which nurses (70%) were the most involved employe...

conclusions: the study findings revealed that peritoneal lavage with imipenem solution (1 mg/ml) decreases the rate of post-operative ssis in patients with perforated appendicitis in comparison to patients irrigated with normal saline alone. these patients also had shorter hospital stay, and lower hospital costs. results: imipenem solution irrigation was associated with significant clinical imp...

i m m r m ( w m f k T i i h a I t a i f I f t r h n R eactions to foods are extremely common and the etiology of these reactions determines their correct management. Adverse food reactions re not all allergic. The management of food adverse eactions ranges from complete avoidance of minute mounts of food to ingesting milk after lactase suplementation. It is, therefore, important to accurately l...