Drowning is a cause of accidental mortality. However, survival may result in acute lung injury. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol (AC-Res) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by seawater inhalation in rats. ALI models were established by the tracheal instillation of artificial seawater with or without 50 mg/kg AC-Res pretreatment for 7 day...

OBJECTIVE Increased production of nitric oxide (NO) is known to be a marker of lung allograft rejection and lung injury. NO production is up-regulated directly or indirectly by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB), a transcriptional factor of inflammatory cytokines and iNOS. We attempted to determine whether transfection of an NF-kappaB decoy into allografts could reduce NO production and amelior...

background: transfusion services rely on transfusion reaction reporting to provide patient care and protect the blood supply. unnecessary discontinuation of blood is a major wastage of scarce blood, as well as man, hours and funds. the aim of the present study was to describe the main characteristics of acute transfusion reactions reported in the 4 hospital of kermanshah university of medical s...

Objective(s): To study the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB) and cytokine expression and pulmonary function in dogs. Materials and Methods: Twelve male mongrel dogs were divided into a methylprednisolone group (group M) and a control group (group C). All animals underwent aortic and right atrial catheterization under general anesthesia. Changes in pulmonar...

Acute lung injury (ALI) as a serious diseases with high mortality and is considered a threat to human health and life. A number of studies have focused on the treatment and prevention of lung injury. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of lung injury are not yet fully understood, and this has impeded the development of effective drugs and treatment strategies. Henc...

Acute lung injury during bacterial infection is associated with neutrophilic inflammation, epithelial cell apoptosis, and disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. TLR4 is required for lung injury in animals exposed to bacterial LPS and initiates proinflammatory responses in part via the transcription factor NF-κB. Ligation of TLR4 also initiates a proapoptotic response by activating IFN-β ...

RATIONALE Cytokines secreted by T cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of lung injury and fibrosis, and the transcription factors nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and activator protein (AP)-1 are involved in the expression of cytokines from T cells during lung injury. OBJECTIVES We assessed the potential therapeutic effect of SP100030, a specific inhibitor of T-cell NF-kappaB and AP-1 in l...

Alterations in alveolar macrophage (AM) function during sepsis-induced hypoxia may influence tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion and the progression of acute lung injury. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB is thought to regulate the expression of endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]-induced inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, and NF-κB may also be influenced by changes in O2tension. It is thus proposed t...

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), initially identified as an LPS receptor, is critical to the signaling of a variety of danger signals, including heat shock protein 60, fibrinogen, and fibronectin. Recent data also suggest that TLR-4 plays a role in determining survival in both endotoxemia and hemorrhagic shock. We hypothesized that a functional TLR-4 would be required for hemorrhage and endotoxin-...

Shenkar, Robert, Ho-Kee Yum, John Arcaroli, John Kupfner, and Edward Abraham. Interactions between CBP, NF-kB, and CREB in the lungs after hemorrhage and endotoxemia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 281: L418–L426, 2001.—The transcriptional regulatory factor nuclear factor (NF)-kB has a central role in modulating expression of proinflammatory mediators that are important in acute lung injury...