conclusions it is suggested that for addiction rehabilitation and relapse prevention, health practitioners should not only provide an intervention program to their patients, but they should design a program for families to participate in the treatment as well so that patients can function at a higher level of wellness. therefore, the family participation program should be reinforced as part of ...

conclusions this study showed that, compared to simply increasing the dose of morphine, adding chloropromazine, promethazine, midazolam, and clinidine to morphine significantly controlled pain scores and increased treatment satisfaction in addicted patients without notable side effects. objectives the objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of adding clonidine, promethazin...

background: despite the availability of an effective vaccine for more than three decades, hbv (hepatitis b virus) continues to infect many people worldwide, particularly in developing countries of asia. in older people at higher risk of infection, high prevalence of hbv may exist, particularly among intravenous drug users (idus). this group is among groups at higher risk of infection as they sh...

conclusions by intensive monitoring of the situation of substance abuse among soldiers, commanders can reduce modifiable predictors of suicidal attempt. results the majority of soldiers with mean age of 21.8 (sd = 2.4) years were single (82.1%), employed (54.5%) and had a low level of education or were illiterate (71.1%). in total, 296 (7.5%) soldiers had suicidal attempts in their military ser...

conclusions regarding the study findings, there was a significant difference between family function dimensions and quality of life among addicts and non-addicts. results the study revealed that some disorders in family function dimensions were higher in the addicts compared to non-addicts. addicts have a quality of life lower than non-addicts (p < 0.05). there was a relationship between differ...

PURPOSE This study was done to provide fundamental data for the development of competency reinforcement programs to prevent addictive behavior in adolescents through the construction and examination of an addiction prevention core competency model. METHODS In this study core competencies for preventing addictive behavior in adolescents through competency modeling were identified, and the addi...

INTRODUCTION The current study applied egocentric social network analysis (SNA) to investigate the prevalence of addictive behavior and co-occurring substance use in college students' networks. Specifically, we examined individuals' perceptions of the frequency of network members' co-occurring addictive behavior and investigated whether co-occurring addictive behavior is spread evenly throughou...

   Dear Editor, Methods that people use to overcome problems are called coping strategies. The concept of coping was first introduced by Lazarus in 1966. He believed that stress involves three stages. First, there is the initial assessment, which is to observe a risk. The second stage involves the evaluation, which is the search for an answer in the mind, and the third stage is to f...