Xylazine hydrochloride, α2 adrenoceptor agonist, is an analgesic, sedative, tranquilizer, and muscle relaxant agent in veterinary medicine which is mostly used as in pre-anesthesia in veterinary medicine. One of the main adverse effects of xylazine which limits application of this medication in small animal veterinary practice (mostly in cats) is nausea and vomiting which can end up with aspira...

BACKGROUND In vitro and some in vivo studies suggested that genetic haplotypes may have an impact on beta2-agonist mediated airway responses in asthmatics. Due to strong linkage disequilibrium the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the beta2-adrenoceptor gene result in only a limited number of haplotypes. We intended to evaluate the impact of beta2-adrenoceptor haplotypes on beta2-agonis...

The hyperkalaemic action of adrenaline was investigated in 44 anaesthetized domestic pigs. Plasma and epicardial concentrations of K were measured, in the latter case with an ion-selective electrode. Adrenaline 10 pgkg~ caused a rapid increase in the plasma concentration of K from 4.2 to 5.9 mmol litre'. The magnitude and the time course of epicardial concentration of K were similar. Alpha-adre...

The alpha(2) Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG) gene is implicated in the regulation of body fat and insulin sensitivity. The Met/Met genotype of the common single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs4917, in the AHSG gene has been shown to be associated with reduced plasma levels as well as lower body fat. Here, we studied the association of this variation with subcutaneous adipocyte lipolysis. ...

At the β1-adrenoceptor, CGP 12177 potently antagonizes agonist responses at the primary high-affinity catecholamine conformation while also exerting agonist effects of its own through a secondary low-affinity conformation. A recent mutagenesis study identified transmembrane region (TM)4 of the β1-adrenoceptor as key for this low-affinity conformation. Others suggested that TM4 has a role in β1-...

Pyridostigmine bromide (PB) is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used routinely in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and recently by the US Army as a prophylactic agent against potential nerve gas attack in the Persian Gulf War. Pyridostigmine has been implicated as one of several possible causative factors associated with Persian Gulf illnesses. To investigate toxic interactions between P...

The alpha1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine stimulated phospholipase D (PLD) activity in Rat 1 fibroblasts transfected to express either the wild-type hamster alpha1B-adrenoceptor or a constitutively active mutant (CAM) form of this receptor. The EC50 for agonist stimulation of PLD activity was substantially lower at the CAM receptor than at the wild-type receptor as previously noted for phenyl...

The origin of brown adipocytes arising in white adipose tissue (WAT) after cold acclimatization is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that several UCP1-immunoreactive brown adipocytes occurring in WAT after cold acclimatization have a mixed morphology (paucilocular adipocytes). These cells also had a mixed mitochondrioma with classic "brown" and "white" mitochondria, suggesting intermediate steps in...

Beta3-Adrenoceptors are involved in the control of catecholamine-induced lipolysis in rodent adipose tissues. The expression and function of human beta3-adrenoceptors were investigated in subcutaneous white adipocytes of young healthy women. In these cells, beta3-adrenoceptor mRNAs represent 20% of total amount of beta-adrenoceptor transcripts and less than half of beta1-adrenoceptor transcript...

Previous findings indicate that administration of abeta-adrenoceptor antagonist systemically blocks glucocorticoid impairment of memory retrieval. Here, we report that beta-adrenoceptor activation in the hippocampus and the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) is implicated in the impairing effects of glucocorticoids on memory retrieval. The specific glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist 11...