Shrubs are the largest plant life form in tundra ecosystems; therefore, any changes in the abundance of shrubs will feedback to influence biodiversity, ecosystem function, and climate. The snow-shrub hypothesis asserts that shrub canopies trap snow and insulate soils in winter, increasing the rates of nutrient cycling to create a positive feedback to shrub expansion. However, previous work has ...

A number of untried ideas, or ideas not properly worked out, which might improve or supplement present chromatographic techniques are suggested. For high sensitivity the active part of a detector should be small to lessen troubles due to adsorbtion and to maintain highest possible concentrations of substances to be measured with a short time constant. Further, the problems of attaining highly q...

Clinoptilolite is a nontoxic natural zeolite with properties of an ion-exchanger and adsorbent. Earlier studies showed that clinoptilolite could be an adjuvant in cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to define effects of clinoptilolite in cell media on cell viability and activity of key proteins regulating cell survival, cell division and stress response. The number of viable cells, DNA sy...

The adsorbent is a material used for the adsorption process. One alternative in selection of adsorbents biological materials. type plant that can be to adsorb heavy metals Apu Wood. This study aims examine effect Cr (VI) concentration on capacity adsorbent, time adjustment characterization using SEM and FTIR, assess equilibrium Langmuir Freundlich methods kinetics reaction pseudo order 1 2. In ...

Single-crystalline magnetite (Fe3O4) particles having a size beyond the nanometric range (1 µm to 50 µm) and showing high (close bulk value) saturation-specific magnetization (σs = 92 emu/g), were obtained by hydrothermal decomposition of Fe-EDTA complex. The very low values magnetic remanence (σr 0.82 emu/g) coercitivity (μoHc 1.53 mT) observed at room temperature (RT) suggest superparamagneti...

Clouding phenomenon generally occurs with nonionic surfactants when the temperature of the system is raised to a certain value. This critical temperature is termed the cloud point (CP). The aqueous solutions of nonionic surfactants show complex phase behaviour including liquid-liquid phase separation at this temperature. The cloud point of aqueous surfactant solutions is influenced by the prese...

Evidence for Glaciation in Elysium D. M. Anderson and G. W. Brandstrom Numerical Simulations of Dust Transport Into Northern High Latitudes During a Martian Polar Warming J. R. Barnes and J. L Hollingsworth The Paleo-Ocean of Mars J. E. Brandenburg Mars: A Water-Rich Planet M. H. Cart Martian Volcanism: A Review M. H. Carr Comets, Volcanism, the Salt Rich Regolith and Cycling of Volatiles on Ma...

front. In this layer the energy conservation can be writ ten as I = jA, where j is the mass flux removed from the target and A is the energy characterising the interaction (damage). For small intensities the absorbed power is spent in atom ionization, A (1) -~ const, and the velocity of the removed substance is small and almost independent o f intensity. Then J ~ jo ~ I, J /E ~ const. (I) and h...

abstract in order to investigate the removal of copper, nickel, zinc and chromium from industrial waste water by a sand–soil–organic matter filter column, this experiment was conducted at a completely randomized design with sixteen treatments and four replications. p.v.c tubes (columns) with 66.5 cm height and 10 cm diameter were chosen and filled from down to top by coarse gravel (15 cm), sand...