The properties of the soil-water medium are presented in the literature independent of its internal organization and operation. The objective of this study is to develop and test a conceptual model that used a continuously measured shrinkage curve (Se) to describe the functional organization of the soil-water medium. In this model, two functional porosities (micro and macro) are delineated and ...

“Fine flavor” cocoa, known for its superior flavor and aroma, commands a higher price farmers than “bulk” cocoa produced market. These fine varieties make an important contribution to the agricultural sector in Ecuador. However, diversity is threatened by deforestation. The effective preservation, characterization, use of tree are therefore essential future development this We carried out parti...