Air embolism is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patent foramen ovale, which is necessary in fetal circulation, is a potential route for emboli arising from the venous system to enter the systemic arterial circulation, resulting in paradoxical air embolism syndrome. A case of paradoxical air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy is presented. To our knowledge, this is...

Fistula Cerebral air embolism is a rare but known complication resulting from intracardiac instrumentation. Although reports of atrioesophageal (AE) fistulas have been documented in clinical journals and the cardiothoracic radiology literature, there has been little focus on the neurologic manifestations and imaging findings of this entity. We report the case of an air embolism presenting 35 da...

During hysteroscopic surgery there are concerns about potential complications such as venous air and gas embolism. The incidence of subclinical air emboli events during operative hysteroscopy is significantly underestimated. The manifestations of this complication may range from an unnoticeable decrease in P(ET)CO(2) to the need for resuscitation. Three cases of air embolism with variable outco...

Cerebral arterial air embolism (CAAE), although infrequent, is a complication that can occur at any time during an invasive medical procedure. We experienced two cases of CAAE during cerebral angiography accidentally. The author reports the two cases of CAAE wherein air emboli dissolved spontaneously and immediately under normal atmospheric pressure, not under therapeutic hyperbaric environment...

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ing or cannulation of the ascending aorta bear a stroke risk of more than 8% in octogenarians and may have been the cause for emboli. However, we cannot rule out that air provided by the blower mister device entered the aorta through a leak between the proximal seal and the aortic wall and caused the emboli. The possibility of such a mechanism was proven in an animal experiment. This should be ...

A best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether there is any benefit to the use of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) field flooding techniques in open heart surgery in order to reduce post-operative gaseous emboli. Altogether 103 papers were found using the reported search, of which 3 presented the best evidence to answer t...