The use of laminar airflow rooms and a life island unit for comprised patients was evaluated. Six patients spent a total of 170 days in the laminar airflow rooms and 112 days in the life island unit, and none acquired any exogenous infection. Patients were febrile for 7 out of 170 days (4.1%) in the laminar airflow rooms and 4 out of 112 days (3.6%) in the life island unit. No significant diffe...

Realistic geometry of human upper airways from mouth to the end of trachea was reconstructed by implementing the CT-Scan images of a male subject.   A computational model for analyzing the airflow in the airways was developed and several simulations were performed.  To capture the anisotropy of the inhaled airflow in the upper airways, the Reynolds stress transport model of turbulence was used ...

INTRODUCTION This study investigated the performance of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), compared different models within a brand, compared identical copies of the same model within a brand, and examined performance using different protocols. METHODS Airflow rate required to generate aerosol, pressure drop across e-cigarettes, and aerosol density were examined using three different proto...

Objectives To assess breathing behaviors and perception of added respiratory loads in young compared to old individuals, and to determine whether aging affects the perception and response to changes in nasal airway resistance. Study design In a clinical study, 40 young (11-20 years) and 40 older (59-82 years) subjects were evaluated during rest breathing and during the application of added ai...

Biomass and microbial activity in backwashing processes of a biofilter for tertiary treatment were investigated. The microbial groups revealed new distribution along the biofilter depth after low flow rate backwashing for a short time. Then the start-up process was accelerated by backwashing. The biomass profile and microbial activity profile both varying with depth before and after backwashing...

This theoretical study reports on the impact of perceived indoor air quality for productivity loss in air-conditioned office buildings. A new derivation of productivity calculation model based on pollution loads and contaminant removal effectiveness is applied and the effect of the improved ventilation efficiency on productivity is estimated. The findings show that the proportion dissatisfied i...

Controversies exist regarding the resection or preservation of the middle turbinate (MT) during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Any MT resection will perturb nasal airflow and may affect the mucociliary dynamics of the osteomeatal complex. Neither rhinometry nor computed tomography (CT) can adequately quantify nasal airflow pattern changes following surgery. This study explores the feasibi...

Throttle body assembly plays a vital role in metering the airflow. It mainly consists of a butterfly valve to vary the flow area to control air flow rate through it. There is hardy any established procedure to design a throttle body assembly based on the engine specifications. In order to bridge the gap, this study, design and optimization of a throttle body assembly for a single-cylinder engin...

BACKGROUND A common auscultatory finding in pulmonary emphysema is a reduction of lung sounds. This might be due to a reduction in the generation of sounds due to the accompanying airflow limitation or to poor transmission of sounds due to destruction of parenchyma. Lung sound intensity was investigated in normal and emphysematous subjects in relation to airflow. METHODS Eight normal men (45-...