BACKGROUND The abuse of alcoholic beverages leads to numerous negative consequences in Taiwan, as around the world. Alcohol abuse not only contributes to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and cancer, but it is also an underlying cause of many other serious problems, such as traffic accidents, lost productivity, and domestic violence. International leaders in health policy are incre...

Local, state, and national laws and policies that limit the days of the week on which alcoholic beverages may be sold may be a means of reducing excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. The methods of the Guide to Community Preventive Services were used to synthesize scientific evidence on the effectiveness for preventing excessive alcohol consumption and related harms of laws and polic...

The predominant types of commercially produced alcoholic beverages are beer, wine and spirits. Basic ingredients for beer are malted barley, water, hops and yeast. Wheat may be used. Nearly all wine is produced from grapes, although wine can be also made from other fruits and berries. Spirits are frequently produced from cereals (e.g. corn, wheat), beet or molasses, grapes or other fruits, cane...

Ample experimental research has found evidence for imitation of alcohol consumption in social encounters. However, these studies cannot reveal whether imitation is specifically related to alcohol and not to consumption in general. We investigated whether imitation is more evident when peers drink alcohol compared to other beverages. We observed sipping behavior during a 30-minute interaction be...

Alcoholic beverage is any fermented liquor such as wine, beer, or distilled spirit that contains ethyl alcohol or ethanol as intoxicating agent. Daphnia ( Daphnia magna) or water flea is a planktonic crustacean commonly found in canals and other waterways. It has been used as a standard organism for toxicity testing and toxicological reaction to environmental pollutants. The study is concerned ...

Alcoholic fermentation of fruits and cereals is the primary source of alcoholic beverages production. The main component in these drinks is ethanol; but there are also many secondary products like glycerin or acetaldehyde, and mixtures of other higher-order alcohols called “fusel”, also known as congeners. They are important for the characterization of alcoholic beverages and also for forensic ...

Whey is a by product in the process of cheese production. Composition and characteristics of whey are depending on the production technology of the end product and on the quality of the used milk. Liquid whey consists approximately 93% of water and contains almost 50% of total solids present in the milk of which lactose is the main constituent. Lactose is the main constituent of whey while prot...

gical markers for alcohol abuse (review). Journal of Chromatography B 713: 245. Pounder DJ, Stevenson RJ and Taylor KK (1998) Alcoholic ketoacidosis at autopsy. Journal of Forensic Sciences 43: 812. Ruz J, Fernandez A, De Castro MDL and Valcarcel M (1986) Determination of ethanol in human Suids I. Determination of ethanol in blood, II. Determination of thanol in urine, breath and saliva (review...

The terms 'a1cohol' and 'a1coholic beverages' tend to be used interchangeably to designate the product consumed, and the same practice has been followed in this monograph. A distinction is made, however, between alcohol or a1coholIc beverages and the substance ethanoL. This monograph includes only data relevant to the consumption of alcoholic beverages by humans: occupational exposures to ethan...