introduction alluvial fans are depositional landforms developed on a confined channel emerged from a drainage basin, i.e. between a mountain range and a plain. an alluvial fan is a fan- or cone-shaped deposit of sediments crossed and built up by streams. if a fan is built up by debris flows, it is properly called a debris cone or colluvial fan. these flows come from a single point source at the...

introduction: soil genesis and development in arid and semi-arid areas are strongly affected by geological formations and geomorphic surfaces. various morphological, physical, and geochemical soil properties at different geomorphic positions are usually attributed to different soil forming factors including parent material and climate. due to variations in climate, geological formations (quater...

In specific geological contexts, such as alluvial environments, the lithology is highly heterogeneous and laterally variable. As a result, a large number of lithological data are collected (generally random and under sampled) for stratigraphic reconstruction. The integrated management of geo-lithologic data causes major methodological problems, because data obtained from geognostic investigatio...