2 TCA, time compression approximation, is a practical and often quite accurate tool to predict 3 postponding infiltration for field applications. A modified approximation (MTCA) can be used 4 just as easily and, in general, will reduce the error by about 50%. This is based on two results: 5 1. After ponding, TCA and MTCA predict very close infiltration rates; and 6 2. MTCA, but not TCA, uses th...

Seasonal weather variations have a profound effect on the integrity of cohesionless soil slopes in Canadian Prairies owing to prevalent semi-arid continental climate. The primary contribution this research is development transient and two-dimensional stability model that fully coupled with hydraulic thermal flows. was used predict factor safety (FS) for two slope geometries (18 m height 26 heig...

In a first step, we present what we call the " symbolic virtualization " that illustrates the " consumer-oriented " dimension of finance where recent marketing methods present the financial market as a " fashion game ". We also emphasize the speculative impacts of this evolution. We introduce then what we call the " technological virtualization " of finance, that derives from the growing comput...

Virtual and distributed collaboration are increasingly important for organizations. This paper presents episodes of negotiated term definitions used to complete tasks in a voluntary, ad hoc game forum of an Alternate Reality Game (ARG). Episodes analyzed focus on specialized language used during problem solving. Terminology analysis reveals that players do not explicate definitions and construc...

Pervasive gaming is a genre of gaming systematically blurring and breaking the traditional boundaries of game. The limits of the magic circle are explored in spatial, temporal and social dimensions. These ways of expanding the game are not new, since many intentional and unintentional examples of similar expansions can be found from earlier games, but the recently emerged fashion of pervasive g...

Gamification has drawn the attention of academics, practitioners and business professionals in domains as diverse as education, information studies, human–computer interaction, and health. As yet, the term remains mired in diverse meanings and contradictory uses, while the concept faces division on its academic worth, underdeveloped theoretical foundations, and a dearth of standardized guidelin...

This paper uses ALIS data to compare academic performance in two subjects often viewed as relatively close substitutes for one another at A-level. The important role of GCSE achievement is confirmed for both subjects. There is evidence of strong gender effects and variation in outcomes across Examination Boards. A counterfactual exercise suggests that if the sample of Business Studies candidate...

We review the first iteration of an Alternate Reality Game (ARG) designed to engage middle school students in the interpretive process behind history and the mathematical roots of cryptography and cartography. Building from the core characteristic of ARGs as collaborative sense-making systems, we sought to integrate elements of effective cooperative learning environments, such as positive inter...