This paper investigates the mixed mutation in Breton, an endangered language which has seen a gap in transmission. Initial consonant mutation is a highly salient feature of the language, but susceptible to change in the context of widespread bilingualism and an ageing population of speakers. We investigate to what extent a younger generation is continuing to maintain the mixed mutation, and fin...

1. The purpose of this paper is the establishment of classes of verbals according to the morphemic alternations of base-form finals; 2. Verbals which are subject to morphemic alternation are treated as single entries instead of as multiple entries; 3. The patterns of compatibility between a given set of compound suffixes and a class of verbal bases are designed to be suitable whether used as in...

That there exist two losing games that can be combined, either by random mixture or by nonrandom alternation, to form a winning game is known as Parrondo’s paradox. We establish a strong law of large numbers and a central limit theorem for the Parrondo player’s sequence of profits, both in a one-parameter family of capital-dependent games and in a two-parameter family of history-dependent games...

Spatial alternation, win-shift behavior has been claimed to be a test of working memory in rodents that requires active maintenance of relevant, trial-specific information. In this review, we describe work with GluA1 AMPA receptor subunit knockout mice that show impaired spatial alternation, but normal spatial reference memory. Due to their selective impairment on spatial alternation, GluA1 kno...

Recent evidence indicates that systemic glucose treatment enhances memory while producing a corresponding increase in hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) output. The present experiments examined whether unilateral intrahippocampal infusions of glucose would enhance spontaneous alternation performance and whether there would be a corresponding increase in ACh output in the ipsilateral and contralate...

We consider the spin1 2 Ising chain in a regularly alternating transverse field to examine the effects of regular alternation on the quantum phase transition inherent in the quantum Ising chain. The number of quantum phase transition points strongly depends on the specific set of the Hamiltonian parameters but never exceeds 2p where p is the period of alternation. Calculating the spin correlati...

This paper examines Internal Vowel Alternation (IVA) in Noun Plurals (e.g. 'tooth/teeth') and Past Tense formation (e.g. 'sing/sang') according to the signoriented theory of the Columbia School (CS) in general and the theory of Phonology as Human Behavior (PHB) in particular. Today, these IVA forms are considered to be "irregular", and are vestiges of former prevalent and productive processes i...

abstract   introduction: diabetes mellitus accompanies with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. considering the beneficial antidiabetic potential of nigella sativum (ns ), this research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic consumption of ns on learning and memory in diabetic rats using passive avoidance and y-maz...

  Abstract   Introduction: Diabetes mellitus accompanies with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. Considering the beneficial antidiabetic potential of Nigella sativum (NS ), this research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic consumption of NS on learning and memory in diabetic rats using passive avoidance and Y-m...

We evaluated four methods for increasing the practicality of functional communication training (FCT) by decreasing the frequency of reinforcement for alternative behavior. Three participants whose problem behaviors were maintained by positive reinforcement were treated successfully with FCT in which reinforcement for alternative behavior was initially delivered on fixed-ratio (FR) 1 schedules. ...