Ambulances are frequently contaminated with infectious microorganisms shed by patients during transport that can be transferred to subsequent patients and emergency medical service workers. Manual decontamination is tedious and time-consuming, and persistent contamination is common even after cleaning. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) has been proposed as a terminal disinfection method...

One of the key roles of ambulance call receivers is to obtain accurate information concerning the location of the patient and their complaint. The automatic tracing of calls to their source can accurately determine the location of most patients. Obtaining information on the patient’s condition, however, depends on effective communication between the call maker and the call receiver. Ambulance s...

In this study, two mathematical models have been developed for assigning emergency vehicles, namely ambulances, to geographical areas. The first model, which is based on the assignment problem, ambulance transfer (moving ambulances) between locations has not considered. As can improve system efficiency by decreasing response time as well operational cost, we consider in second transportation pr...

In case of a severe accident, the key to saving lives is the time between the incident and when the victim receives treatment from the first-responders. In areas with welldesigned emergency medical systems, the time for an ambulance to arrive at the accident location is often not too long. However, in many low and middle-income countries, it usually takes much longer for an ambulance to arrive ...

Introduction The province of Ontario, Canada has approximately thirteen million residents spread over approximately one million square kilometers. Ontario ensures a high level of medical care for all residents partly through an advanced medical transport capability. The not-forprofit company Ornge provides these transport services primarily through air-ambulance services, although it also has s...

We analyze the productivity of information technology in emergency response systems. "Enhanced 911" (E911) is information technology that links caller identification to a location database and so speeds up emergency response. We assess the impact of E911 on health outcomes using Pennsylvania ambulance and hospital records between 1994 and 1996, a period of substantial adoption. We find that as ...

An extension to models for the Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) is applied to the Saudi Arabian Red Crescent Society (SARCS), Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. The purpose is to identify the optimal locations of emergency medical service (EMS) stations. This is achieved by firstly locating these stations so the maximum expected demand may be reached within a pre-specified target time. Then, se...

introduction: accurate diagnosis and proper treatment of oncology patients presented to emergency department (ed) can dramatically enhance their quality of life and decrease their mortality rate. therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate these patients from an epidemiologic point of view as well as identifying death-related factors. methods: in this retrospective cross-sectional study, all...

background: injuries or pains occurred at various body's joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, tendons, limbs, back and neck are classified as musculoskeletal disorders (msds). a single forceful exertion or repeated exposure to force, vibration or awkward posture can result in msds. this study was carried out by evaluating the relevant physical measurements of class b ambulance used in malaysia. ...

Use of telecommunication technologies for remote, continuous monitoring of patients can enhance e‚ectiveness of emergency ambulance care during transport from rural areas to a regional center hospital. However, the communication along the various routes in rural areas may have wide bandwidth ranges from 2G to 4G; some regions may have only lower satellite bandwidth available. Bandwidth ƒuctuati...