iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method using ammonia as precipitation agent. most researchers usually add ammonia into the iron salt solution but in this work the salt solution drop wise has been added to the ammonia and the new obtained results were compared with those of other researches. magnetic properties of nanoparticles were measured by vsm. the effect of rea...

BACKGROUND Fuel ethanol production from sustainable and largely abundant agro-residues such as sugarcane bagasse (SB) provides long term, geopolitical and strategic benefits. Pretreatment of SB is an inevitable process for improved saccharification of cell wall carbohydrates. Recently, ammonium hydroxide-based pretreatment technologies have gained significance as an effective and economical pre...

This study presents the fabrication of a polyaniline nanofiber ammonia sensor integrated with a readout circuit on a chip using the commercial 0.35 μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process and a post-process. The micro ammonia sensor consists of a sensing resistor and an ammonia sensing film. Polyaniline prepared by a chemical polymerization method was adopted as the ammonia se...

Newborns and children may suffer from extremely high ammonia levels in their blood. We evaluated a fast, reliable micromethod, based on the Blood Ammonia Checker II (BAC II) in combination with the dilution with fresh whole blood. Comparison of the proposed method with an enzymatic method revealed a statistically significant correlation. We conclude that the dilution of patient's blood with fre...

Ammonia is an important industrial chemical and also being discussed as a potential energy carrier. Electrifying ammonia synthesis could help to decarbonize the industry, Haber–Bosch process contributes markedly global carbon emissions. A lithium-mediated pathway among most promising ambient-condition electrochemical methods. However, role of metallic lithium its passivation layer, solid electr...

A simple automated method for the estimation of ammonia in perchloric acid supernate of blood or plasma using an ion-selective electrode (Orion Ammonia-selective electrode, Model 95-10) is described. The reliability of the proposed method has been checked against an ion-exchange resin procedure, which has been chosen as a standard procedure. Regression equation and correlation coefficient for t...

In 1912 Folin and Denis (1) published a series of methods for the analysis of blood and urine, all based on the principle of Nesslerization, and among those met.hods was one for the determination of ammonia in blood. By the help of this method Folin and Denis proved the then important point t.hat the relatively high ammonia content of portal blood is mostly putrefactive ammonia absorbed from th...

Ammonia is a major neurotoxin implicated in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Here we discuss evidence that many aspects of ammonia toxicity in HE-affected brain are mediated by glutamine (Gln), synthesized in excess from ammonia and glutamate by glutamine synthetase (GS), an astrocytic enzyme. The degree to which Gln is increased in brains of patients with HE was found to positively correlate with ...

Hyperammonemia is frequently seen in tumor microenvironments as well as in liver diseases where it can lead to severe brain damage or death. Ammonia induces autophagy, a mechanism that tumor cells may use to protect themselves from external stresses. However, how cells sense ammonia has been unclear. Here we show that culture medium alone containing Glutamine can generate milimolar of ammonia a...

The estimation of ammonia in the blood is a difficult matter not. only because ammonia is present in very minute quantities, but also because it is rapidly split off from some labile components of shed blood. The removal of the ammonia by means of an air current is subject to a source of error in as much as the amount of ammonia recovered may vary with the rapid&y of the aeration and the temper...