The effect of carbon monoxide on the respiration of animal cells and aerobic bacteria (10), and on anaerobic butyric acid fermentation (6), has shown that the ferments which act as catalysts in these energy-yielding cellular processes are compounds of heavy metals: for carbon monoxide reacts at low temperatures only with heavy metals, and respiration as well as anaerobic butyric acid fermentati...

Antioxidant activities of four kinds of Japanese traditional fermented tea, Gishi-cha, Ishizuchi-kurocha, Awa-bancha, and Batabatacha, were compared. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by three parameters: copper ion reduction ability, radical trapping ability, and oxygen consumption rate. Processes of fermentation of these fermented teas are different. Goichi-cha and Ishizuchi-kurocha are prod...

technique, and 9 of 20 when an anaerobic jar was used). Thus, anaerobic fermentation of mannitol seems to be too exacting a criterion, but all methods using glucose fermentation classified the 20 coagulase-positive strains as staphylococci. The classification of other staphylococci into S. saprophyticus and S. lactis on their ability to produce acetoin from glucose (Shaw et al.) was not support...

Huge amounts of waste biosolids are produced from biological processes as waste water treatment, agriculture and food production. The volatile compounds could be utilised as a source for renewable energy in anaerobic processes. However, the anaerobic degradation is slow so that large fermenters are necessary. By ultrasonic disintegration the rate limiting hydrolysis of volatile solids is substi...

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of combining a prebiotic with alfalfa on fermentation by laying hen cecal bacteria. Cecal contents from laying hens were diluted to a 1:3,000 concentration with an anaerobic dilution solution and added to serum tubes filled with ground alfalfa or a layer ration with or without fructooligosaccharide (FOS) prebiotic. Samples were pr...

The aim of this study is to investigate the production of bio-hydrogen, via dark anaerobic fermentation in a pilot scale reactor under batch conditions, using a mixed microflora. As inoculum, anaerobic digested sludge, collected from municipal wastewater treatment plant, was used after being pre-treated with HCl 1N for 24h (pH 3) in order to inhibit the methanogenic bioactivity. As a source of ...

Permeable sediments are common across continental shelves and are critical contributors to marine biogeochemical cycling. Organic matter in permeable sediments is dominated by microalgae, which as eukaryotes have different anaerobic metabolic pathways to prokaryotes such as bacteria and archaea. Here we present analyses of flow-through reactor experiments showing that dissolved inorganic carbon...

Only two of the many previously described species of the genus Pseudomonas wil grow and metabolize sugars under strictly anaerobic conditions. Certain others can make use of substitute hydrogen acceptors, such as nitrates or nitrites, but only Pseudomonas lindneri and Pseudomonas fermetas are truly fermentative organisms (Kluyver and Hoppenbrouwers, 1931; Kuhr, 1932). The former carries out an ...

Bacillus subtilis can grow anaerobically by respiration with nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor. In the absence of external electron acceptors, it grows by fermentation. Identification of fermentation products by using in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance scans of whole cultures indicated that B. subtilis grows by mixed acid-butanediol fermentation but that no formate is produced. An ace mut...