The freshwater angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare like many other cichlids show parental care of embryos and larvae. This study was carried out to investigate the embryonic development P. scalare, which shows biparental substrate brooding. During adult reproductive behavior observed. Once eggs were fertilized upon spawning, early later stages observed, documented various embryo length measurements...

We tested the effect of fasting on development juvenile freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare). The juveniles were subjected to different periods (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days fasting). Fish from all treatments fed for 30 after period. No difference (P > 0.05) was observed between final weight length. There a significant < in 12 liver intestine weight. These results may prove that for...

We have investigated the structural polarity of microtubules from several systems in which these fibers are thought to contribute to cell motility. By using a method for displaying microtubule polarity in the electron microscope, we find that both the A and B subfibers of Tetrahymena ciliary outer doublets and the inner pair of single microtubules are all oriented with their plus ends (i.e., th...

Nephrocalcinosis is a chronic disorder which may be resulted in decrease in growth rate and finally mortality in severe condition. Nephrocalcinosis is defined as the presence of calcification in the kidney. A total number of 80 ornamental fishes of different species included of discus fish (Symphysodon discus), angelfish (Pterohyllum sp.), goldfish (Carassius auratus) and oscar fish (Astronotus...

The persistence and resilience of many coral reef species are dependent on rates of connectivity among sub-populations. However, despite increasing research efforts, the spatial scale of larval dispersal remains unpredictable for most marine metapopulations. Here, we assess patterns of larval dispersal in the angelfish Centropyge bicolor in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, using parentage and sibli...