The problem of optimal feed-rate planning along a curved tool path for 3-axis CNC machines with a jerk limit for each axis is addressed. We prove that the optimal feed-rate planning must use “Bang-Bang” control, that is, at least one of the axes reaches its jerk bound throughout the motion. As a consequence, the optimal parametric velocity can be expressed as a piecewise analytic function of th...

Fully automatic driving is emerging as the approach to dramatically improve efficiency (throughput per unit of space) while at the same time leading to the goal of zero accidents. This approach, based on fully automated vehicles, might improve the efficiency of road travel in terms of space and energy used, and in terms of service provided as well. For such automated operation, trajectory plann...

(2) a. Lucille Gorman, an 84-year-old Chicago housewife, has become amazingly immune to stock-market jolts. [Treebank] b. uh, she starts a new job tomorrow, which should take her out of the house about four days a week. [Switchboard] c. In traffic so heavy that there is no way for the jerk to pass, I might pull over, as if to look for a street number or name, (still ignoring the jerk) just to g...

This study aims to demonstrate how compute the damping coefficient of a continuously variable damper for semi-active preview control suspensions while considering sprung-mass jerk and controller’s performance advantage. Optimal theory is used derive validate proposed approach future road disturbances. Despite reduced body acceleration, with display an increase in jerk, implying that ride comfor...

Vagal reflexes from the heart and lungs elicit autonomic as well as somatomotor responses. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether the inflammatory mediator thromboxane A2 inhibits the knee-jerk reflex via a vagally mediated reflex from either the heart or the lung. The thromboxane A2 mimetic U-46619 (0.8 ± 0.08 μg/kg) was injected through a catheter placed near the ri...

The aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate chaotic and hyperchaotic complex jerk equations. The jerk equations describe various phenomena in engineering and physics, for example, electrical circuits, laser physics, mechanical oscillators, damped harmonic oscillators, and biological systems. Properties of these systems are studied and their Lyapunov exponents are calculated. The dynam...

We investigated the nystagmus of a 12-year-old boy with suspected X-linked congenital nystagmus (CN) and exophoria to determine the underlying mechanisms and component signals in the 'dual-velocity' and other slow phases of his Asymmetric (a)Periodic Alternating Nystagmus (APAN). Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) were performed on the waveforms and residual data after subtracting a sawtooth wavefor...

The ability to maintain the body relative to the external environment is important for adaptation to altered gravity. However, the physiological limits for adaptation or the disruption of body orientation are not known. In this study, we analyzed postural changes in mice upon exposure to various low gravities. Male C57BL6/J mice (n = 6) were exposed to various gravity-deceleration conditions by...

An optimal and smooth trajectory for industrial robots has a positive impact on reducing the execution time in an operation vibration their joints. In this paper, methodology time-optimal jerk-continuous planning of is proposed. The entire interpolated joint space utilizing fifth-order B-splines then optimized by hybrid whale optimization algorithm genetic (WOA-GA). Two objective functions, inc...