During cold acclimation, winter rye (Secale cereale) plants accumulate pathogenesis-related proteins that are also antifreeze proteins (AFPs) because they adsorb onto ice and inhibit its growth. Although they promote winter survival in planta, these dual-function AFPs proteins lose activity when stored at subzero temperatures in vitro, so we examined their stability in solutions containing CaCl...

Many organisms in extremely cold environments such as the Antarctic Pole have evolved antifreeze molecules to prevent ice formation. There are four types of antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Type-IV antifreeze proteins (AFP4s) are present also in certain temperate and even tropical fish, which has raised a question as to whether these AFP4s have important functions in addition to antifreeze activity....

Absolute O and OH ground state densities were measured in a He rf-plasma (13.56 MHz driving frequency) with water admixtures. For this, high resolution synchrotron VUV and broadband UV absorption spectroscopy was used. Detected absolute O and OH densities were in the order of 10 and 10 m, respectively. The densities of both species were found to increase towards higher water admixtures.

Four species of fish in the Barents Sea of the Arctic, north of Norway and Russia, were caught and examined for the presence of antifreeze proteins in their blood sera. Only one species of Arctic fish, the polar cod (Boreogadus saida), was found to contain an antifreeze protein. Antifreeze glycoproteins were isolated and characterized from the blood serum of the Arctic fish, and their structure...

BACKGROUND Legislation requiring bittering of antifreeze enables assessment of the impact on frequency, volume, and severity of pediatric antifreeze ingestions. METHODS US poison control data for antifreeze ingestions in children younger than 5 years were analyzed comparing 232 ingestions occurring in states after enactment of bittering requirements with 6218 cases occurring in states (or at ...

This thesis describes the preparation, characterization and application of a few biomimetic surfaces. Biomimetics is a modern development of the ancient Greek concept of mimesis, i.e. man-made imitation of nature. The emphasis has been on the preparation and characterization of two types of model systems with properties inspired by nature with future applications in bioanalysis, biosensors and ...

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) lower the freezing point but not the melting point of aqueous solutions by inhibiting the growth of ice crystals via an adsorption-inhibition mechanism. However, the function of type IV AFP (AFP IV) is questionable, as its antifreeze activity is on the verge of detectable limits, its physiological concentration in adult fish blood is too low to function as a biologica...

-In hot countries like India roads laid on agricultural zones and other water prone areas will be affected by severed pot holes created due to the water entry in the pavement. Increase in road traffic in combination with insufficient maintenance due to shortage in funds causes rapid deterioration of the roads. To lighten this process, several measures may be effective, such as, use of better qu...

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) enable organisms to survive under freezing or sub-freezing conditions. AFPs have a great potential in the low temperature storage of cells, tissues, organs, and foods. This process will require a large number of recombinant AFPs. In the present study, the recombinant carrot AFP was highly expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3). The activity of the purified an...

A crystal growth apparatus was designed and built to study the effect of growth modifiers, antifreeze proteins and antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs), on ice crystal growth kinetics and morphology. We used a capillary growth technique to obtain a single ice crystal with well-defined crystallographic orientation grown in AFGP solution. The basal plane was readily observed by rotation of the capill...