Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis are the only vascular plants to have colonized the Maritime Antarctic, which is characterized by its permanently low temperature and frequent summer frosts. To understand how the plants survive freezing temperatures year-round, antifreeze activity was assayed in apoplastic extracts obtained from both non-acclimated and cold-acclimated Antarctic p...

We found six bacteria capable of producing antifreeze protein (AFP) from Ross Island, Antarctica. Among these AFP-producing bacteria, strain No. 82 had the highest antifreeze activity and was identified as Moraxella sp. The optimum temperature and pH for the production of AFP were 5 degrees C and 7.0, respectively. After partially purifying the AFP from the culture supernatant using 60% saturat...

Antifreeze (glyco) proteins AF(G)Ps are potent ice recrystallization inhibitors, which is a desirable property to enhance cryopreservation of donor tissue/cells. Here we present the rational synthesis of a new, biomimetic, ice-recrystallization inhibiting polymer derived from a cheap commodity polymer, based on an ampholyte structure. The polymer is used to enhance the cryopreservation of red b...

The first cyclic glycopeptides exhibiting significant antifreeze activity by forming hexagonal-bipyramidal ice crystals, denoted cyclic antifreeze glycopeptides (cyclic AFGPs), were constructed by a one-pot synthesis based on the controlled cyclization reaction of pre-formed small linear glycopeptides.

The fold of the -helical antifreeze protein from Tenebrio molitor (TmAFP) proved to be surprisingly tolerant of multiple amino acid substitutions, enabling the construction of a panel of mutants displaying grids of single amino acid types in place of the threonines on the ice-binding face. These mutants, maintaining the regularity of amino acid spacing found in the wildtype protein but with dif...

A cDNA clone encoding a presumptive antifreeze protein was isolated from a skin library from shorthorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus scorpius. The clone encodes a 92-residue mature polypeptide (sssAFP-2) without any signal and prosequence, which suggests an intracellular localization. It is the largest alanine-rich, alpha-helical type I antifreeze protein known. A recombinant fusion protein containing...

Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are ice-binding proteins. Accurate identification of new AFPs is important in understanding ice-protein interactions and creating novel ice-binding domains in other proteins. In this paper, an accurate method, called AFP_PSSM, has been developed for predicting antifreeze proteins using a support vector machine (SVM) and position specific scoring matrix (PSSM) profiles...

This paper presents 2D and 3D modeling of hysteresis motor using high temperature superconducting element Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) in the rotor. These hysteresis motors aim to improve the performance in comparison with that of conventional hysteresis motors. Various performance parameters of high temperature superconducting hysteresis motor are computed from the proposed 2D and 3D mod...