......................................................................................................................................iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES.....................................................................................................................

long-term use of orthodontic appliances and fixation ligatures creates a favorable environment for the accumulation of oral normal microflora and increases the risk of enamel demineralization and periodontal disease. the aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effects of zataria multiflora extract and 0.2% chlorhexidine (chx) mouthwash on experimentally contaminated orthodontic elast...

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of decontamination strategies in the special decontamination areas in Fukushima in regard to external radiation dose. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to relate the predicted external dose in the affected areas to the number of potential inhabitants and the land use in the areas. A comprehensive review ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prevention of surgical site infections is a key issue to patient safety and the success of surgical interventions. Systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis is one important component of a perioperative infection prevention bundle. This review focuses on selected recent developments and important concepts in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Joint guidelines (American Society of Health-Sy...

In this article, we analyze feedback from simulated casualties who took part in field exercises involving mass decontamination, to gain an understanding of how responder communication can affect people's experiences of and compliance with decontamination. We analyzed questionnaire data gathered from 402 volunteers using the framework approach, to provide an insight into the public's experiences...

Abstract Background Growing microbial resistance towards the existing antimicrobial materials appears as greatest challenge for scientific community and development of new has become an important research objective. Results In this work, activity silver-coated hollow poly(methylmethacrylate) microspheres (PMB) having a diameter 20–80 µm was evaluated against two bacterial strains, Gram-positive...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effect on mortality of selective digestive decontamination, selective oropharyngeal decontamination, and topical oropharyngeal chlorhexidine in adult patients in general intensive care units and to compare these interventions with each other in a network meta-analysis. DESIGN Systematic review, conventional meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis. Medline, Embase,...

Following a CBRN incident, first responders use decontamination procedures to reduce the risk of exposure. The effect of decontamination on forensic trace material has, however, not been fully examined. This study sought to evaluate the effect of five different physical or chemical decontamination materials on the recovery of latent fingerprints. Fingerprints were deposited on glass slides, dec...

OBJECTIVES Selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD) and selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) are associated with improved outcomes among patients in intensive care units (ICUs), but uncertainty remains about their long-term effects on resistance levels. We determined trends in antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in 38 Dutch ICUs using and not using SOD/SDD....

The efficacy of currently available decontamination strategies for the treatment of indoor furnishings contaminated with bioterrorism agents is poorly understood. Efficacy testing of decontamination products in a controlled environment is needed to ensure that effective methods are used to decontaminate domestic and workplace settings. An experimental room supplied with materials used in office...