Women continue to be at special risk for HIV acquisition due to a complex mix of biological, behavioural, structural, cultural and social factors, with unacceptable rates of new infection. Scientific advances over the past decade have highlighted the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV acquisition (sexually, parenterally and vertically) and ARV tr...

Neurological complications associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a matter of great concern. While antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are the cornerstone of HIV treatment and typically produce neurological benefit, some ARV drugs have limited CNS penetration while others have been associated with neurotoxicity. CNS penetration is a function of several factors including sieving role ...

BACKGROUND HIV drug resistance surveillance is limited by recruitment and selection bias and by limited information regarding HIV incidence rates, secondary resistance, and treatment prevalence. METHODS A second-generation HIV sentinel surveillance among men who have sex with men (MSM), regardless of prior history of HIV screening, serostatus, or treatment, was conducted in Peru in 2002. Rece...

Kepatuhan merupakan gambaran perilaku pasien dalam konsumsi obat yang benar pada dosis, waktu dan frekuensinya. tinggi sangat diperlukan untuk terapi Antiretroviral (ARV) penderita HIV/AIDS. Ketidakpatuhan pengobatan ARV menyebabkan meningkatnya progresivitas penyakit, transmisi HIV resistensi ARV. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan tentang Tujuan penelitian menganalisis hubungan dengan kepat...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of transmitted antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance, and to assess whether resistance testing influences first-line ARV regimen selection. METHODS Data on patients' characteristics were collected through questionnaires. ARV drug resistance was tested by genotypic methods and defined by Quest-Stanford classification rule. Physicians reported the intended a...

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a collection of symptoms that arise due to decreased immunity caused by HIV infection. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) type virus infects white blood cells which causes decrease in human immunity. Efforts are being made at this time for people with namely Antiretroviral treatment (ARV). This study aims analyze the factors influence utilization AR...

BACKGROUND Sub-therapeutic and supra-therapeutic plasma concentrations of antriretrovirals are the significant causes of treatment failure and toxicity respectively among HIV-infected patients. We conducted this study to determine the pattern of efavirenz and nevirapine plasma drug concentrations among adult HIV-infected patients with immunological failure attending at a tertiary hospital in No...

Great progress has been made in achieving universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, for successful viral suppression, patients must adhere to rigid and complex treatment regimens. With three quarters of antiretroviral (ARV) users in Africa adhering successfully, African countries have achieved extraordinary levels of adherence given the levels of poverty in which many ARV users...

BACKGROUND The Tingathe program utilizes community health workers to improve prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) service delivery. We evaluated the impact of antiretroviral (ARV) regimen and maternal CD4+ count on HIV transmission within the Tingathe program in Lilongwe, Malawi. METHODS We reviewed clinical records of 1088 mother-infant pairs enrolled from March 2009 to March 2...