dental trauma generally requires multidisciplinary planning and treatment for good prognosis. when immature teeth are traumatized to a degree where pulp necrosis ensues, the objective of root canal treatment should be apexogenesis and root maturation. apexification of the root is the conventional choice, which involves cleaning the canal and filling it with a temporary medication that stimulate...

Apexification with calcium hydroxide is associated with certain difficulties, such as longer treatment time, risk of tooth fracture and incomplete calcification of apical bridge. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alternative material that can be used for apexification of open apices due to its biocompatibility, non-mutagenicity, non-neurotoxicity, regenerative abilities, and good sealing p...

Many materials have been introduced for apexification each having their own advantages and disadvantages. This case report aims to present a new method of apexification using a combination of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and enamel matrix derivative (EMD). After irrigating the canal of the maxillary right canine with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite, a mixture of Bio-Oss and EMD was packed...

Dens invaginatus, also known as “dens in dente”, is a developmental dental anomaly resulting in an invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla. These cases present technical difficulties to the root canal treatment. Apexification using an apical plug of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been indicated as an alternative to long-term intracanal use of calcium hydroxide in immature...

AIM The aim of these case reports is to present a treatment to promote root-end growth and apexification in nonvital immature permanent teeth in children. METHODS AND MATERIALS Three cases were presented where the calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste Metapex® was placed in the root canals of immature permanent teeth using disposable plastic tips. The teeth involved were evaluated radiographic...

Back ground: Immature teeth with necrotic pulp and large periapical lesion are difficult to treat via conventional endodontic therapy. The role of materials such as calcium hydroxide and Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) are indispensable. These case reports present successful healing and apexification using MTA. Methods: The case reports present two cases with traumatized upper anterior teeth. ...

The use of calcium hydroxide has widely spread in recent decades due to its easy availability and use, its low cost, and the fact that it is often used in cases of apexification, showing great success in inducing an apical hard tissue barrier in the immature open apex. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated by clinical studies and long-term success rates ranging between 74% and 100%. The apexi...

Three clinical cases have been treated with the use of an apical plug of MTA for apexification. All three cases were central incisors that had suffered premature interruption of root development as a consequence of trauma. According to the treatment protocol, the root canals were rinsed with 5% NaOCl; then, calcium hydroxide paste was placed in the canals for 1 week. Consequently, the apical po...