Apocrine carcinoma is a rare malignancy with invasive potential. It presents as painless, slow-growing, firm or cystic, red nodules with focal ulcerations. The tumor is capable of hematogenous dissemination to the liver, lungs, and bone as well as lymphatic spread. In addition, apocrine carcinomas cause intra-epidemial pagetoid spread. We report a case of an apocrine carcinoma related with exte...

Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a distinctive malignancy with unique morphological and molecular features, generally characterized by being negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors, and thus not electable for endocrine therapy. Despite the fact that they are morphologically distinct from other breast lesions, no standard molecular criteria are currently available for their diagnosis...

adnexal tumors (ats) are primary skin tumors with benign or rarely, malignant behavior. they have been classified based on differentiation towards hair follicle, sebaceous, apocrine or eccrine gland. few large-scale studies have focused on ats. to determine the prevalence of ats and to assess clinical and histopathological trend of ats. a retrospective descriptive study of all ats diagnosed in ...

Epidermal naevi are a heterogenous group of benign congenital hamartomas that may be composed of cells of sebaceous, apocrine, eccrine, follicular, or keratinocyte origin. Verrucous epidermal naevi (VEN) are a type of epidermal naevi of keratinocyte differentiation.1 Although multiple lesions of VEN are often seen, lesions presenting bilaterally are rare. We present a case of VEN involving the ...

Apocrine carcinoma is a very rare form of breast malignancy with an incidence of <1% of female invasive breast carcinoma. We report a case of apocrine carcinoma in a 42-year female with marked adenosis showing apocrine metaplasia and discuss the criteria to diagnose apocrine carcinoma with the emerging concept of androgen receptor positivity with its implication on treatment and management of t...

Apocrine carcinomas represent a rare group of tumors with a potential for destructive local invasion, regional and distant metastases, and are equally common in both sexes. A case of a 79-year-old woman with axillary apocrine carcinoma associated with apocrine adenoma and apocrine gland hyperplasia is presented. To our knowledge, this is the first case diagnosed in a Caucasian and also the firs...

BACKGROUND Apocrine metaplasia is occasionally superimposed on sclerosing adenosis (apocrine adenosis) in breast biopsies, and cytologic atypia is sometimes present (atypical apocrine adenosis). The long term risk of patients developing breast carcinoma subsequent to the diagnosis of this lesion is unknown. METHODS Atypical apocrine adenosis was defined as apocrine adenosis with enlarged nucl...

Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare, special type of breast carcinoma showing distinct morphologic, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic features. Apocrine epithelium has a characteristic steroid receptor profile that is estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor negative and androgen receptor positive. This combination of morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics is esse...

Apocrine hidrocystomas (cystadenomas) are cystic cutaneous neoplasms derived from apocrine sweat glands (1, 2), and they most often present in adults as solitary (rarely multiple) lesions involving the head, eyelids and neck (3). They are also reported infrequently in the apocrine gland bearing areas like axillae, areola of the nipple, periumbilical, anal, and genital areas (3, 4). We present a...

Introduction: Apocrine carcinoma (AC) is an uncommon variant of breast carcinoma. The incidence of apocrine carcinoma is approximately 4% of mammary carcinomas. Case Series: In this study five cases of apocrine breast carcinoma were identified. Three cases of apocrine breast carcinoma with infiltrating (IF) AC and two cases with intraductal (ID) AC. The cytologic featuers showed large malignant...