Sculptors, architects, and painters are three professional groups that require a comprehensive understanding of how to manipulate spatial structures. While it has been speculated that they may differ in the way they conceive of space due to the different professional demands, this has not been empirically tested. To achieve this, we asked architects, painters, sculptors, and a control group que...

This paper reports on two studies into the skills required to develop software. In the first, senior software practitioners in four companies, across seven roles were interviewed. However, the architect role proved difficult to characterize, because architects did not seem to carry out any architecture work. It was hypothesized that this was because the five architects interviewed were all work...

Interactive multimedia (IMM) navigation systems rely on two key non-graphical components, a schematic or architectural framework and an associated programming solution. Two primary framework types are recognized – branching (structured) and referential (unstructured) – although most navigation systems include elements of both. Programmed solutions to navigational frameworks typically display va...

Today, there are many energy simulation tools in the market. However, existing energy simulation tools are not architect friendly. There are at least three shortcomings of the existing energy simulation tools that impede architects from using them: excessive data input requirement, non intuitive user interface, and too complex. An energy simulation tool will be used regularly by architects if i...