The degree of association between supervisor and subordinate perceptions of the supervisor's leadership style, use of power by the supervisor, and the supervisor's conflict-management style was studied in 87 organizational units representing five service-oriented organizations. The ability of the supervisors' and subordinates' perceptions, individually and jointly, and the discrepancy between t...

As leader creativity is found to be effective at promoting outcomes for organizations, more and more organizations select creative individuals as leaders. However, the influence of leader creativity has not received enough attention. Thus, this research seeks to focus on the potential influences of leader creativity in organizations. Based on social cognitive theory, we explore the relationship...

In many animal societies, subordinates exhibit down-regulated reproductive endocrine axes relative to those of dominants, but whether this 'physiological suppression' arises from active interference by dominants or subordinate self-restraint is a matter of debate. Here we investigate the roles that these processes play in precipitating physiological suppression among subordinate female meerkats...

The goal of this study was to re-examine McCroskey, Valencic, and Richmond’s findings about the impact of a teacher’s temperament on her or his students by examining the findings in a different context, the supervisor-subordinate relationship in organizational settings. This study measured a supervisor’s temperament to see if it affected a subordinate’s job satisfaction, motivation, and percept...

It is the first study which tries to explore the influence of interpersonal competition on subordinate job status in the workplace. Interpersonal competition is defined as rent-seeking behavior (RSB) in this research. We also examine the influence of interpersonal relationships, known as Guanxi in Chinese society, on subordinate job status in the workplace. Finally, this study combines RSB with...

Although it is well established that people are better at recognizing own-race faces than at recognizing other-race faces, the neural mechanisms mediating this advantage are not well understood. In this study, Caucasian participants were trained to differentiate African American (or Hispanic) faces at the individual level (e.g., Joe, Bob) and to categorize Hispanic (or African American) faces a...

These experiments test the hypothesis that preschool children are predisposed to interpret nouns as referring to taxonomic relations, and that this bias guides the early establishment of conceptual hierarchies (e.g., collie, dog, mamma/, aima/). Two familiar hierarchies-animals and food-and two linguistic form classesnouns and adjectives-were examined in detail. Experiment 1 tested the effect o...

Object categorization processes were investigated by measuring event-related potentials while subjects categorized objects at the superordinate (e.g. animal), basic (e.g. dog) and subordinate (e.g. beagle) levels of abstraction. An enhanced negative deflection (N1) was found at posterior recording sites for subordinate level categorizations compared with basic level categorizations and was inte...