Children's attributions about story characters in ambiguous and unambiguous social situations were assessed. One hundred and forty-four 6-7-year-olds and 10-11-year-olds heard about actors who slighted a recipient intentionally or for an undetermined reason and then made causal attributions about the events, an emotion attribution about the recipient, and global personality attributions about t...

Older Americans often attribute health problems to old age, rather than to extenuating circumstances. Previous studies of Americans found that age attributions predict adverse health outcomes. We examined whether culture influences both the tendency to make age attributions and their effect on aging health. We found that (a) Japanese were significantly more likely to make age attributions than ...

Hostile attributions were examined in 150 incarcerated males to test the possibility that there are two pathways associated with hostile attributions: one related to psychopathy as assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised [PCL-R; Hare, 1991] and one related to depressogenic attributional style, as assessed using the Inferential Styles Questionnaire [ISQ; Rose et al., 1994]. Ten hypothet...

The prevailing behavioral account of marriage must be expanded to include covert processes. This article therefore examines the attributions or explanations that spouses make for marital events. A review indicates that dissatisfied spouses, compared with satisfied spouses, make attributions for the partner's behavior that cast it in a negative light. Experimental, clinical outcome, and longitud...

This study investigated the direction of possible causal effects between attributions for negative partner behavior and marital satisfaction and tested whether any effects are mediated by efficacy expectations regarding marital conflict. Couples married for 15-20 months completed measures of attribution and satisfaction at Time 1 and at Time 3 (18 months later). At Time 2 (6 months after Time 1...

C OGNITIVE MODELS OF AGGRESSION PROPOSE that when an individual attributes hostile intent to another person’s behavior, these attributions increase the likelihood of aggression toward that person. This propositionhasbeensupportedbyalargebodyof literature. Similar speculations are found in cognitive behavioral models ofchildphysicalabuse. Specifically, thesemodelspropose that, when parents make ...

OBJECTIVE This study had two objectives: examine relationships among negative attributions of teacher reactions, anticipated adherence difficulties, teacher support, diabetes stress, and metabolic control; and develop questionnaires to test these relationships. METHODS One hundred and two youths with type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes completed instruments measuring attribution of teacher reac...

Structural modeling techniques were used to assess relations of attributional style, expectancies, and depression. According to an initial theoretical model, attributions are directly related to expectancies, and expectancies are directly related to depression, but attributions are only indirectly related to depression by means of their relation to expectancies. The results of Study 1 indicated...

This paper investigates the reciprocal relationship between application specific computer self-efficacy (AS-CSE), causal attributions, and the role of these attributions in the transfer of efficacy estimations from one software package to another. We argue that in the computing domain, attributions of performance in one software application will also affect efficacy estimations on software with...

The study examined causality attributions made for workplace accidents and how these attributions may be influenced by job satisfaction. It was part of an extensive exploratory work on causal attributions for industrial accidents in Ghana’s work environment. It was carried out in a field setting where the participants were actual accident victims (n=121), co-workers (n=117) and supervisors (n=8...