Combined lesions of retinal targets and ascending auditory pathways can induce, in developing animals, permanent retinal projections to auditory thalamic nuclei and to visual thalamic nuclei that normally receive little direct retinal input. Neurons in the auditory cortex of such animals have visual response properties that resemble those of neurons in the primary visual cortex of normal animal...

Objectives: Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) is a useful tool for the quantitative evaluation of auditory behaviors in different situations. The  present study  aimed to  develop the Persian version of IT-MAIS.  Methods: There was 4 main steps in the translation and validation of the scale, as follows: forward translation, synthesis, backward translation, and expe...

Current existing scholarly researches on synesthetic music diverge into contrasting directions concerning color-hearing. One type of reference focuses the theoretical analysis sound-color correspondences in compositions. On contrary, opposition to restricted colorful delineation, other research examines ideas from interdisciplinary domain musicology through a composer’s imaginative utilization ...

7 Dr. Joe D. Wray, in his 1972 Tropical Pediatrics editorial, asked, “Can we learn from successful mothers?” His question had not previously appeared in a scientific journal, possibly because it may have embarrassed many professional scientific nutrition teachers to consider it seriously. Nutritional surveys often discover well-nourished children in poor families that inhabit villages where nea...

To get morphological substrates for sensory specialization in the subterranean mammals, we investigate both auditory and visual pathways in the mole. The inferior colliculus (IC), an auditory relay, projects not only to medial geniculate, the major gateway to the auditory cortex, but also to the lateral geniculate (LG), the major gateway to the visual cortex. Further evidence is that the LG doe...

Increases in the size of the neuronal structures that mediate specific behaviors are believed to be related to enhanced computational performance. It is not clear, however, what developmental and evolutionary mechanisms mediate these changes, nor whether an increase in the size of a given neuronal population is a general mechanism to achieve enhanced computational ability. We addressed the issu...

The general involvement of the superior colliculus (SC) in orientation behavior and the striking parallels between the multisensory responses of SC neurons and overt orientation behaviors have led to assumptions that these neural and behavioral changes are directly linked. However, deactivation of two areas of cortex which also contain multisensory neurons, the anterior ectosylvian sulcus and r...

The orchestration of orienting behaviors requires the interaction of many cortical and subcortical areas, for example the superior colliculus (SC), as well as prefrontal areas responsible for top-down control. Orienting involves different behaviors, such as approach and avoidance. In the rat, these behaviors are at least partially mapped onto different SC subdomains, the lateral (SCl) and media...

Altered sensory information processing, and auditory in particular, is a common impairment individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One prominent hypothesis for the etiology of ASD an imbalance between neuronal excitation inhibition. The selective GABA B receptor agonist R-Baclofen has been shown previously to improve social deficits repetitive behaviors several mouse models neurodevelo...

Sensory systems are dynamic. They must process a wide range of natural signals that facilitate adaptive behaviors in a manner that depends on an organism's constantly changing goals. A full understanding of the sensory physiology that underlies adaptive natural behaviors must therefore account for the activity of sensory systems in light of these behavioral goals. Here we present a novel techni...