study of validity of implications of proofs is among fundamental discussions in both usul al-fiqh and fiqh. authorized conjectural proofs (amarat) and practical principles can have indirect juristic implications as they have direct ones. investigation of validity of such indirect implications and effects is entitled investigation of validity of implications of proofs. some usulis hold that impl...

Six reasonable models of trophic exploitation in a two-species ecosystem whose exploiters compete only by depleting each other's resource supply are presented. In each case, increasing the supply of limiting nutrients or energy tends to destroy the steady state. Thus man must be very careful in attempting to enrich an ecosystem in order to increase its food yield. There is a real chance that su...

Reverse micelles in the AOT/water/isooctane system, at various water contents (W(0)), were studied using rheometry and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments under static conditions and under shear. The SAXS analysis confirmed the spherical shape of the micelles at low water content and revealed a transition into elongated micelles at higher water content. A population of spherical mic...

We obtain the diffusion matrix, D, consisting of the main and cross-diffusion coefficients for a loaded AOT microemulsion, a quaternary system containing water (1)/AOT (2)/species (3)/octane (4). Here "species" is a component of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction: NaBr, NaBrO(3), bathoferroin, ferroin, or Br(2). The main and cross-diffusion coefficients of each species depend crucially on its so...

We performed small-angle neutron scattering and neutron spin echo experiments on a ternary microemulsion composed of ionic surfactant AOT, water, and decane. Thermal fluctuations of monolayers have been investigated as a function of temperature and pressure. The amphiphilic monolayers become more flexible with increasing temperature and more rigid with increasing pressure. These results are con...