The long-term patency of arteriovenous (AV) fistulas created for hemodialysis of renal-failure patients is usually measured in months, particularly when polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material is interposed between the artery and vein. This is due to the rapid development of intimal hyperplastic lesions in the anastomosis region of the PTFE graft material with the vein. We studied the prolifera...

Proper vascular access function is required for efficient dialysis. With an unchanged incidence of patients undergoing renal replacement therapy and an increasing life expectancy, an increase in the insufficiency of dialysis accesses has accordingly been seen [1]. By maintaining long-term function, the use of dialysis catheters associated with a higher mortality rate can be avoided [2]. The mos...

Proper vascular access function is required for efficient dialysis. With an unchanged incidence of patients undergoing renal replacement therapy and an increasing life expectancy, an increase in the insufficiency of dialysis accesses has accordingly been seen [1]. By maintaining long-term function, the use of dialysis catheters associated with a higher mortality rate can be avoided [2]. The mos...

BACKGROUND Autologous arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are the first choice for vascular access but have a high risk of non-maturation due to insufficient vessel adaptation, a process dependent on nitric oxide (NO)-signaling. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with oxidative stress that can disturb NO-signaling. Here, we evaluated the influence of CKD on AV fistula maturation and NO-signalin...

Venous aneurysms are extremely rare. They may be congenital or acquired in origin and occasionally related to arteriovenous communications. A 58-year-old man complained of dull left lower quadrant pain and constipation. On physical examination a soft deep mass was palpated. Ultrasonogram and CT scan revealed a cystic formation in the pelvic cavity. Angiograms disclosed an arteriovenous malforma...

Jobe LJ, Meléndez GC, Levick SP, Du Y, Brower GL, Janicki JS. TNFinhibition attenuates adverse myocardial remodeling in a rat model of volume overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 297: H1462–H1468, 2009. First published August 7, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00442.2009.— Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. In ...

Spinal dural arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are the most commonly encountered vascular malformation of the spinal cord and a treatable cause for progressive para- or tetraplegia. They most commonly affect elderly men and are classically found in the thoracolumbar region. The AV shunt is located inside the dura mater close to the spinal nerve root where the arterial blood from a radiculomeningeal a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The safety and efficacy of Onyx for the embolization of central nervous system (CNS) arteriovenous (AV) lesions have been widely reported in adults. However, data describing the use of this agent in children are limited. This study presents our experience with Onyx in the treatment of CNS AV lesions in pediatric patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyze...

The case of a calcified left ventricular aneurysm in a 6-year-old asymptomatic boy is presented. The anomaly was discovered on a routine chest X-ray. The etiology of this condition is discussed. A review of the literature reveals that this is a rare occurrence in children and that the origin is often unknown. Selective left coronary arteriography showed no arterial anomalies but early filling o...

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are the most preferred and promoted form of dialysis access due to their lowest complication rates. However, the changing demographic profile of endstage renal disease (ESRD) with an increasing elderly and diabetic population having relatively poor vasculature, relative lack of prudent pre-ESRD planning for AV fistula creation, late referrals, and comparatively lowe...