Endogenous retroviruses are regarded as ideal genetic markers for evolutionary analyses. Birds were some of the initial vertebrates found to contain endogenous retroviruses. However, few studies have investigated the presence and distribution of endogenous retroviruses in goose. In this study, we detected the avian sarcoma and leukosis virus gag gene in the genomic DNA of 8 Chinese native breed...

To date, the vast majority of known virus-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) are derived from polymerase II transcripts encoded by DNA viruses. A recent demonstration that the bovine leukemia virus, a retrovirus, uses RNA polymerase III to directly transcribe the pre-miRNA hairpins to generate viral miRNAs further supports the common notion that the canonical pathway of miRNA biogenesis does not exist ...

Infection of 10-day chicken embryos with an avian leukosis virus, RAV-7, resulted in hypothyroidism within 3 weeks posthatching. Histological examination of the thyroids from infected chickens showed an extensive infiltration of lymphoblastoid cells by 7 days posthatching. Areas resembling germinal centers were present in the thyroids of infected chickens by 3 weeks posthatching. Examination of...

The absence or deficiency of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) activity results in microsatellite instability (MSI) in cancer. The avian leukosis virus (ALV) causes neoplastic disease in chickens. In this study, the status of MMR, MSI, the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected in DF-1 cells after avian leukosis virus subgroup A infection. Flow cytometry analysis results indicated that there was no sig...

We constructed an avian leukosis virus-based packaging cell line, pHF-g, containing Rous-associated virus DNA with several alterations to abolish RNA packaging. One of them is a 52-base-pair deletion encompassing the putative encapsidation signal in the leader region. The 3' long terminal repeat was also removed and replaced by the polyadenylation sequence from the herpes simplex virus thymidin...

Lymphoid leukosis in chickens is a disease which arises from the result of complicated interaction between avian leukosis virus (ALV) as a pathogenic organism and chicken as a host. This report is intended to outline our present knowledge about genetic resistance of chickens in lymphoid leukosis. The defense of host in infectious disease could be considered dividing it into two: one as a workin...

The development of in vitro (tissue culture) assay systems for murine leukemia (MuLV)l" 2 and sarcoma (MSV)3-7 viruses, the demonstration of the defectiveness of the MSV genome,3 and its rescue with various MuLV's7 have brought out certain remarkable similarities between these viruses and those of the avian leukosisRous sarcoma complex.3' 7, 8, "a Subsequent studies of the murine viruses, which...

The 60-70S RNAs of several transforming and nontransforming avian tumor viruses have different electrophoretic mobilities. The RNA of transforming viruses contains two electrophoretically separable subunit classes: a and b. The relative concentrations of these subunits vary with the virus strain. Avian leukosis viruses and nontransforming derivatives of a sarcoma virus lack subunits of class a....

There is considerable evidence that infection by avian lymphoid leukosis viruses can led to tumor development in the target organ of the host. The mechanism by which virus-induced oncogenic transformation occurs, however, is not clearly understood. As a first step toward deciphering this process, we have characterized the proviruses of the lymphoid leukosis viruses in DNAs extracted from the le...