The study aimed to evaluate the bacterial contamination of powdered herbal medicinal preparations sourced from identified herbal retail outlets in different parts of Kaduna metropolis. The assessments of the contamination of the herbal products were carried out using standard procedures: total aerobic bacterial plate count, measurement of some physical parameters, isolation and characterization...

transmission of human pathogens can be occurred via inert objects. paper currency is a further common contact surface whereby pathogens can be transferred within a population although the significance remains unknown. hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate microbial populations associated with iranian paper currency.this study was carried out by getting 108 samples of the irania...

Aim: To evaluate the absolute neutrophil count, band count and morphological changes in diagnosing acute bacterial infections among patients presenting with febrile illness. Methodology: It was cross sectional analytical study conducted after taking approval from institutional ethical review committee. Total 726 were included. The cut-off for leukocytosis 19.6x109/l. Counted 200 WBC. Band cells...

BACKGROUND although C-reactive protein (CRP) is widely used in younger populations, its value for diagnosing bacterial infection in older population is not well established. This study examined the usefulness of serum CRP level in the early detection of bacterial infection in older patients. METHODS in a prospective cohort study, consecutive patients aged 70 years or over admitted to Aged Car...

Background: Food poisoning resulting from microbial and heavy metals pollution is commonplace. These contaminants do not only reduce the nutritional value of the food but are in many cases toxic. In this study, the proximate composition, bacterial quality and some heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg) concentration in three common fish species (Claria gariepinus, Heterobrachus bidorsalis and Channa obscura...

This paper uses a Markov chain model to analyse the dynamics in farm-size distribution among the Flemish dairy sector and the impact of quota policy regulation on such changes. The model predicts a decline of 24% in number of farms in 2014 compared with the current situation with a more liberal exchange policy and a decline of 18% with a restricted quota exchange policy. From these Markov chain...

Bacteria have been implicated in recurrent choledocholithiasis associated with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). This study was designed to clarify whether bacterial examination of bile provides information useful in predicting the risk of recurrence of choledocholithiasis in patients undergoing EST. Bacteria in bile collected via a duodenoscope before cholangiography were cultured. We compared ...