For decades, the grand-design SAB spiral galaxy NGC 5248 has been postulated to host a short bar of semimajor axis 22 (1.6 kpc). From dynamical and morphological arguments, however, we argue that its spiral structure is being driven by a large-scale bar whose corotation radius lies at ∼115 (8.6 kpc). Our estimate is based partially on a deep R-band image, which reveals that the feature previous...

An important new structure suggests the BAR domain is a membrane-binding module that can both produce and sense membrane curvature. BAR resembles a banana that binds membranes electrostatically through its positively charged, concave surface.

this article exposes an analysis of the zoroastrian persian calendar in a 12th century hebrew book on the jewish calendar (sefer ha-‘ibbūr). the hebrew treatise was composed by the polymath abraham bar ḥiyya, probably in northern france. bar ḥiyya depicts the structure of the zoroastrian persian calendar, its months and some of its festivals. he then expounds on calendrical algorithms which ena...

Vegetation was added to a fully-developed sandy point bar in the meander of a 5 constructed stream. Significant changes in the flow structure and bed topography were observed. 6 As expected, the addition of vegetative resistance decreased the depth-averaged streamwise 7 velocity over the bar and increased it in the open region. In addition, the secondary circulation 8 increased in strength, but...

We describe a cooperad structure on the simplicial bar construction on a reduced operad of based spaces or spectra and, dually, an operad structure on the cobar construction on a cooperad. We also show that if the homology of the original operad (respectively, cooperad) is Koszul, then the homology of the bar (respectively, cobar) construction is the Koszul dual. We use our results to construct...

one of the chief discussions within the phrase structure theory is the analysis of the projection level of modifiers of different grammatical categories. this study provides an analysis of the noun phrase structure in persian, considering the projection levels of the post-modifiers. the study is within the framework of the extended standard theory (est) and, in particular, x-bar syntax. data an...

The BAR (Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs) domain undergoes dimerization to produce a curved protein structure, which superimposes onto membrane through electrostatic interactions to sense and impart membrane curvature. In some cases, a BAR domain also possesses an amphipathic helix that inserts into the membrane to induce curvature. ACAP1 (Arfgap with Coil coil, Ankyrin repeat, and PH domain protein 1) con...

Members of the Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain protein superfamily are involved in membrane remodeling in various cellular pathways ranging from endocytic vesicle and T-tubule formation to cell migration and neuromorphogenesis. Membrane curvature induction and stabilization are encoded within the BAR or Fer-CIP4 homology-BAR (F-BAR) domains, alpha-helical coiled coils that dimerize into membra...

I review the arguments for the importance of halo structure in driving galaxy evolution and coupling a galaxy to its environment. We begin with a general discussion of the key dynamics and examples of structure dominated by modes. We find that simulations with large numbers of particles (N ∼> 10 ) are required to resolve the dynamics. Finally, I will describe some new results which demonstrates...

BAR-domains recently took centre stage in science through a report on the crystal structure of this domain in Drosophila Amphiphysin. Though only weakly conserved at the sequence level, the structure of the BAR domain shows striking similarity to the GTPase-binding domain of Arfaptin 2, an effector of Rho- and Arf- GTPases. On the basis of this sequence and structural similarity, these two prot...