Quantities of DNA were estimated in the nuclei of mechanically isolated egg and zygote protoplasts in two cultivars of barley using 4[prime],6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and microfluorometry. Unlike many previous studies on DNA amounts within the sex cells of flowering plants, we obtained consistent and unambiguous results indicating that the egg and sperm nuclei are at the 1C DNA level ...

line yesevi-93 (cultivar abidar) was first introduced to dryland agricultural research institute (dari) through the international winter preliminary barley yield trials (iwpbyt) in 1994. it was selected as one the most high yielding lines based on observational and statistical trails (regional barley yield trials) carried out in different locations during 1997-2000. the average yield of abidar ...

Agricultural greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by the cultivation of cultivars with lower carbon footprint. Considering hypothesis that there are differences in soil respiration, due to physiological and morphological characteristics wheat barley, aim this study is an assessment respiration rates microclimate under different cover (bare soil, wheat, barley) cultivar (four barley four whea...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of particle size (flour vs. flakes) on glycemic responses after oats and barley (Prowashonupana cultivar), which contain high amounts of soluble fiber, are consumed by overweight women. DESIGN Ten women, average age 50 years and body mass index 30, consumed glucose (1 g/kg body weight) and four test meals (1 g carbohydrate/kg body weight; 2/3 of the carbohydr...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of cereal carbohydrate form (isolated v. cereal matrix) and level, especially mixed-linked β-glucan (hereafter referred to as β-glucan) and starch amylase/amylopectin ratio on nutrient digestibility and fermentation parameters in the intestines of weaned pigs. Four hulless barley cultivars containing varying β-glucan levels (41 to 84 g/kg) wer...

In order to evaluate effects of different survival strategy and canopy structure on cereal radiation use efficiency (RUE) under drought during grain filling, a pot experiment in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) of cultivar Dobla (able for escape, no productive tiller) and Kompakt (one productive tiller) was conducted. There was no difference in current RUE for leaf dry mass (RUEL) between mai...

In this study, we investigated the barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV, genus Bymovirus) factor(s) responsible for breaking eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance genes (rym4/5/6) in barley. Genome mapping analysis using chimeric infectious cDNA clones between rym5-breaking (JT10) and rym5-non-breaking (JK05) isolates indicated that genome-linked viral protein (VPg) is the determinant protein for br...

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is one of the intriguing issues for studying the mechanism in signal transduction system in a whole plant. We found that SAR and increase of an antifungal compound were induced rapidly and transiently in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Goseshikoku) by mechanical and biological stresses. One of the major antifungal compounds was identified as an indole alkaloid,...

Stripe rust of barley, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei (PSH), occurred mainly in California, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington and caused localized damage to barley crops. Growing cultivars with high-temperature, adult-plant resistance and the cropping system contributed to the low level of stripe rust. Stripe rust samples were collected from the four states and tested under controlled...

Five barley (Hordeum vulgare) PEBP (for phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein) genes were analyzed to clarify their functional roles in flowering using transgenic, expression, and quantitative trait locus analyses. Introduction of HvTFL1 and HvMFT1 into rice (Oryza sativa) plants did not result in any changes in flowering, suggesting that these two genes have functions distinct from flowerin...