The think piece on Theories of change and Impact pathways, commissioned by the ISPC centers around theoretical articulation of the concept and components of a Theory of change (TOC). It provides a useful assessment of the adequacy and thoroughness by which the CRPs present the assumptions about their research leading to the planned outcomes and impact. The recommendations, based on this analysi...

The goal of an exit strategy is to ensure sustainability of program impacts after the program has ended. “Exit” refers to the withdrawal of all externally provided program resources from the entire program area. “Graduation” refers to the withdrawal of resources from selected communities, program sites or program activities. This technical note provides an overview of different approaches to gr...

In the fractional ownership model, the partial owner of an aircraft is entitled to certain flight hours per year, and the management company is responsible for all the operational considerations of the aircraft and for making an aircraft available to the owner at the requested time and place. In the recent years although the industry as a whole has experienced significant growth, most of the ma...

This paper addresses the question of implementing foresight activities in the priority-setting of research councils and national research programmes. The paper is based on a study of strategy processes in national research councils and programs and the challenges their strategy activities are facing. The study analysed two cases: the strategy processes of The Danish Technical Research Council a...

Fig 1. Equilateral triangle formed by practice, industry, and academia. Theequilateral triangle formedbypractice, industry, andacademia as they work together and in coordination to advance infection prevention and control (Fig 1) acts as a guiding post for the APIC. The Strategic Partner Program, the APIC’s platform for engagement with industryasawholeat the leadershipandstrategic level, demons...

Software technology has high impact on the global economy as in many sectors of contemporary society. As a product enabling the most varied daily activities, the software product has to be produced reflecting high quality. Software quality is dependent on its development that is based in a large set of software development processes. However, the implementation and continuous improvement of sof...