Spontaneous glucose uptake by brown adipose tissue (BAT) is lower in overweight or obese individuals and in diabetes. However, BAT metabolism has not been previously investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes during controlled cold exposure. Using positron emission tomography with (11)C-acetate, (18)F-fluoro-deoxyglucose ((18)FDG), and (18)F-fluoro-thiaheptadecanoic acid ((18)FTHA), a fatty ...

BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is abundant in small mammals and in newborns and helps them to survive cold temperatures. In adults, it had long been considered to be absent or at least of no relevance. Recent investigations, however, have fuelled interest in adult BAT. OBJECTIVE We aimed at (1) summarizing structural and physiological characteristics of BAT versus white adipose tissue ...

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to whole-body energy expenditure (EE), especially cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT), in humans. Although it is known that EE and CIT vary seasonally, their relationship with BAT has not been investigated. In the present study, we examined the impact of BAT on seasonal variations of EE/CIT and thermal responses to cold exposure in a randomized crossover desi...

A fundamental challenge to our understanding of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the lack of an animal model that faithfully represents human BAT. Such a model is essential for direct assessment of the function and therapeutic potential of BAT depots in humans. In human adults, most of the thermoactive BAT depots are located in the supraclavicular region of the neck, while mouse studies focus on d...

Adipose tissue is an important metabolic organ that integrates a wide array of homeostatic processes and is crucial for whole-body insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a key thermogenic tissue with a well-established role in energy expenditure. BAT dissipates energy and protects against both hypothermia and obesity. Thus, BAT stimulation therapy is a rational...

Recent large-scale clinical analysis indicates that brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass levels inversely correlate with body-mass index (BMI), suggesting that BAT is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. PET imaging with 18F-FDG is the most commonly used method for visualizing BAT. However, this method is not able to differentiate between BAT mass and BAT activation. Thi...

Aparameter-free or parameterless bat algorithm is a new variant of the bat algorithmwhich was recently introduced. Characteristic of this algorithm is that user does not need to specify the control parameters when running this algorithm. Thus, this bat algorithm variant can have wide usability in solving real-world optimization problems. In this chapter, a preliminary study of the proposed para...

Principle Investigators: Georg von Freymann and Martin Wegener CFN-Financed Scientists: C. Becker (3/4 BAT IIa, 4 months), Markus Deubel (3/4 BAT IIa, 9 months), Martin Hermatschweiler (3/4 BAT IIa, 14.5 months), Nina Meinzer (3/4 BAT IIa, 1 month), Daniel Meisel (3/4 BAT IIa, 5.5 months), Michael S. Rill (3/4 BAT IIa, 32 months), Isabelle Staude (3/4 BAT IIa, 14 months) On average, this corres...

BACKGROUND Cold-stimulated adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) to increase energy expenditure is suggested as a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity. We have recently shown high prevalence of BAT in adult humans, which was inversely related to body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%), suggesting that obesity is associated with lower BAT activity. ...

There are several therapies designed to increase body awareness. They are commonly known as body awareness therapies (BAT) and include Basic BAT, Mensendieck and Feldenkrais therapy. A focus on emotions is important in all these therapies. In this article the aim and development of Basic BAT is described together with evaluations of treatments including Basic BAT. Multidisciplinary studies have...