Biodiesel is a fuel made from vegetable oils, animal fats and microbial oil (algae, bacteria and fungi). The raw materials are converted to biodiesel through a chemical reaction involving alcohol and catalyst. The purpose of the present work is to present an efficient process using reactive distillation columns applied to biodiesel production. Reactive distillation is the simultaneous implement...

Kinetic study of methanolysis of rapeseed oil in two phase liquid-liquid systems is performed in a batch reactor observing substances concentration gradient for process optimization. Concentration of initial substances, temperature of the system and stirring speed have significant effect on transesterification of rapeseed oil. They are considered as dominant factors to be optimized. Transesteri...

Biodiesel production is a very hot topic within research, politics and investments worldwide. To intensify production and improve decision making and production evaluation, a systematic approach to describe biodiesel production processes is needed. The paper presents a systematic approach for process synthesis of biodiesel production and illustrates the importance of the approach by an example ...

This paper mainly focuses the study and analysis of the existing contributions related to the Biodiesel production. It, firstly, discuss the key issues related contributions which include chemical process, reactor designing, plantation, blending and applications. Next, it summarizes the analysis of the other prominent contributions related to process model, design, production, cost, optimizatio...

BACKGROUND Low-cost feedstocks, a single product (butanol), and a high butanol titer are three key points for establishing a sustainable and economically viable process for biological butanol production. Here, we comprehensively investigated the butanol production from mono-substrates, mainly glycerol and polysaccharides, mainly starch and xylan by a newly identified wild-type Clostridium paste...

The main disadvantage of biodiesel is its high price. The price of biodiesel depends on various factors such as the price of oil, methanol, catalyst, and labor. Among dif-ferent economic factors, oil accounts for the largest share of input costs of biodiesel production. In this study, first, suitable heterogeneous catalysts were identified for biodiesel production. Several studies were carried ...

Microbial lipid production by the oleaginous yeast Rhorosporidium toruloides Y4 was studied using glucose as carbon source, in order to realize igh-density cell culture. Batch cultures demonstrated that there was little inhibitory effect with a substrate concentration of up to 150 g l−1. Flask ed-batch cultures were run for 25 days and reached a dry biomass and cellular lipid content of 151.5 g...

Lipase-displaying whole cells appear to be efficient biocatalysts because of their low preparation costs and simple recycling procedure. The combined utilization of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) and Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML), separately displayed on Pichia pastoris whole cells, to produce biodiesel in co-solvent media was investigated. A response surface methodology incorporating a D-...

Microalgae have tremendous potential as a feedstock for production of liquid biofuels, particularly biodiesel fuel via transesterification of algal lipids. However, biodiesel production results in significant amounts of algal residues, or “lipid extracted algae” (LEA). Suitable utilization of the LEA residue will improve the economics of algal biodiesel. In the present study, we evaluate the hy...

The determination of time-varying profiles through dynamic optimization is an exclusive characteristic of optimal control problems; however, these types of problems become more challenging when variability and uncertainty in any parameter is included. In biodiesel production, there are inherent uncertainties arising due to variation in initial composition, operating parameters, and mechanical e...