Most computational accounts of dialogue have assumed that once listeners have interpreted an utterance, they never change this interpretation. However, human interactions routinely violate this assumption. This is because people are necessarily limited in how much information they can make explicit. As a result, misunderstandings might occur--discourse participants might differ in their beliefs...

Clock synchronization is a crucial basic service in typical sensor networks, since the observations of distributed sensors more often than not need to be ordered (“a happened before b”) or otherwise related (“a and b happened within a time window of size x”) in time. Ad-hoc sensor networks exhibit characteristics which make the use of traditional clock-synchronization algorithms infeasible. Mor...

It is widely accepted that aggregate housing prices are predictable, but that excess returns to investors are precluded by the transactions costs of buying and selling property. We examine this issue using a unique data set—all private condominium transactions in Singapore during an eleven-year period. We model directly the price discovery process for individual dwellings. Our empirical results...

In radar systems, tracking targets in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments is a very important task. There are some algorithms designed for multitarget tracking. Their performances, however, are not satisfactory in low SNR environments. Track-before-detect (TBD) algorithms have been developed as a class of improved methods for tracking in low SNR environments. However, multitarget TBD i...

We develop a model of gradual information diffusion based on word of mouth communication. When news is initially released to a small fraction of investors, the expected diffusion rate (the change in the fraction of investors with the news) is initially increasing in time and only then decreases. Assuming risk-averse investors trade when they receive the news, the serial correlation of stock ret...

This paper addresses the problem of tracking a dim moving point target in a sequence of IR images. The proposed tracking system, based on the track-before-detect (TBD) approach, is designed to track and detect dim maneuvering targets from an image sequence under low SNR conditions; a dynamic programming algorithm (DPA) is used to process the frames in the sequence. This paper deals with the pra...

Representation and reasoning about time-dependent information is an active and important research area in Artificial Intelligence and in Computer Science. Vilain and Kautz’s point algebra (see [VK86]) is one of the most influential models used for representing and reasoning with qualitative time information, because the reasoning tasks are solvable in polynomial time in that model, contrary to ...

In this article, we propose a new extension to a Dynamic Programming Algorithm (DPA) approach for Track-beforeDetect challenges. This extension enables the DPA to process time-delayed sensor data directly. Such delay might appear because of delays in communication networks. The extended DPA is identical to the recursive standard DPA in case of all sensor data appear in the timely correct order....

We describe a video tracking application using the dual-tree Polar Matching Algorithm. We develop the dynamical and observation models in a probabilistic setting and study the empirical probability distribution of the Polar Matching output. We model the visible and occluded target statistics using Beta distributions. This is incorporated into a Track-Before-Detect (TBD) solution for the overall...

An algorithm has been developed for the detection of point targets in uncluttered background based on a Bayesian track before detect method. The algorithm has an application in the detection of sea skimming antiship missiles at maximum range, when the missile appears over the horizon. Because of the long range, angular motion of the target will be insignificant, and target motion cannot be used...