This paper is the first of several papers designed to demonstrate how the application of item response models in the behavioral sciences can be used to enhance the conceptual and technical toolkit of researchers and developers and to understand better the psychometric properties of psychosocial measures. The papers all use baseline data from the Behavior Change Consortium data archive. This pap...

CONTEXT This paper provides an overview of the contribution of medical education research which has employed focus group methodology to evaluate both undergraduate education and continuing professional development. PRACTICALITIES AND PROBLEMS It also examines current debates about the ethics and practicalities involved in conducting focus group research. It gives guidance as to how to go abou...

BACKGROUND Continuing pharmacy education is becoming mandatory in most countries in order to keep the professional license valid. Increasing number of pharmacists are now using e-learning as part of their continuing education. Consequently, the increasing popularity of this method of education calls for standardization and validation practices. The conducted research explored validation aspects...

This forum discussion focuses on seven themes drawn from Sonya’’s fascinating paper: the terminology of ‘‘cogenerative dialogues,’’ the roles of participants and their power relations within such dialogues, the use of metaphor and analogy in the paper, science and science education for all students, the ways in which students’’ expectations about learning change in innovative classrooms, teache...

This paper describes the demographics of Registered Nurses (RNs) who work alone in rural and remote Canada, their workplaces, and the benefits and challenges of this unique nursing employment situation. Data presented are from a national survey, one of 4 principal approaches used in conducting the project The Nature of Nursing Practice in Rural and Remote Canada. Of the total survey sample, 412...

BACKGROUND Whether the available Continuing Education (CE) programs meet pharmacists' continuously increasing needs and preferences is open to question. OBJECTIVES to investigate pharmacists' perceptions and attitudes concerning available CE programs, evaluate the pharmacists' choices with regard to selecting among different CE programs, and investigate the factors that are associated with pr...

objective: to evaluate the importance of observing healthy habits by pregnant women that influences different aspects of mother and fetus health, we assessed the change in dietary behavior, and cigarette smoking after distributing the guidelines among 485 prenatal care patients. | materials and methods: the subjects were pregnant women who enrolled in health care centers of tehran university fr...

the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between transformational transactional leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior in physical education organization of iran and which dimensions of these styles enhanced organizational citizenship behaviors of employees. the population of this study consisted of 273 employees of physical education organization; 220 empl...

This study tested the hypothesis that cigarette smoking adoption among adolescents could be suppressed by providing school-based videotape instruction for resisting social influences to smoke. The utilization of same-age peer leaders was also varied to test whether their participation in the classroom would enhance program effects. Seventh grade students (N = 540) from one junior high school in...

a quasi experimental study was made to determine the effect of in-service education on knowledge, attitude and behavior for controlling hospital infections among nurses aids working in teaching hospitals supervised by the ministry of medical sciences and health care services (tehran,1994).   the sample consisted of 75 randomly selected nurses aids who answered the pre and post in service educat...