The quantum theory of the Liouville model with imaginary field is considered using the Quantum Inverse Scattering Method. An integrable structure with nontrivial spectral parameter dependence is developed for lattice Liouville theory by scaling the L-matrix of lattice sine-Gordon theory. This L-matrix yields Bethe Ansatz equations for Liouville theory, by the methods of the algebraic Bethe Ansa...

applying the variational method, the spinless reduced bethe-salpeter (rbs) equation is solved for the mesonic systems, and the mass spectra are obtained. the method is applied to the hamiltonian with the gaussian and hydrogen-type trial wave functions, and different potential models are examined. the results for the different potentials are in challenge in light mesons, while they are consisten...

This paper resolves a common complexity issue in the Bethe approximation of statistical physics and the sum-product Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm of artificial intelligence. The Bethe approximation reduces the problem of computing the partition function in a graphical model to that of solving a set of non-linear equations, so-called the Bethe equation. On the other hand, the BP algorithm is...

Applying the variational method, the spinless reduced Bethe-Salpeter (RBS) equation is solved for the mesonic systems, and the mass spectra are obtained. The method is applied to the Hamiltonian with the Gaussian and hydrogen-type trial wave functions, and different potential models are examined. The results for the different potentials are in challenge in light mesons, while they are consisten...

In this article we have discovered a close relationship between the (algebraic) Bethe Ansatz equations of the spin s XXZ model of a finite size and the q-Sturm-Liouville problem. We have demonstrated that solutions of the Bethe Ansatz equations give rise to the polynomial solutions of a second order q-difference equation in terms of Askey-Wilson operator. The more general form of Bethe Ansatz e...

Belief propagation (BP) and the concave convex procedure (CCCP) are methods that can be used successfully to minimize the Bethe free energy of graphical models. The mechanisms of these methods, however, have not been well elucidated. We propose a method based on the Bowman-Levin (BL) approximation, which is another equation of the extrema of the Bethe free energy, so that we can compare the mec...

High-performance airfoils for transonic flows of Bethe–Zel’dovich–Thompson fluids are constructed using a robust and efficient Euler flow solver coupled with a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Bethe–Zel’dovich– Thompson fluids are characterized by negative values of the fundamental derivative of gasdynamics for a range of temperatures and pressures in the vapor phase, which leads to nonclassi...

A system of SU(N)-matrix difference equations is solved by means of a nested version of a generalized Bethe Ansatz, also called ”off shell” Bethe Ansatz [1]. The highest weight property of the solutions is proved.

We address the problem of computing approximate marginals in Gaussian probabilistic models by using mean field and fractional Bethe approximations. As an extension of Welling and Teh (2001), we define the Gaussian fractional Bethe free energy in terms of the moment parameters of the approximate marginals and derive an upper and lower bound for it. We give necessary conditions for the Gaussian f...