BACKGROUND Hepatic encephalopathy is neuropsychiatric derangement secondary to hepatic decompensation or portal-systemic shunting. Nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibition aggravates encephalopathy and increases mortality in rats with thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver failure, suggesting a protective role of NO. This study investigated the roles of endothelium-derived constitutive NO synthas...

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening condition characterized by jaundice, encephalopathy and coagulopathy leading to multiorgan failure in a patient with no prior history of liver disease. Forty three consecutive patients of ALF admitted in Pediatric ICU were studied for etiology and prognostic factors. Etiology was established in 91% cases. Viral infections were the most common caus...

Crigler-Najjar Syndrome (CNS) is un conjugated hyperbilirubinemia caused by mutations in bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT1A1) gene which can transform the un conjugated bilirubin by conjugating it with glucuronic acid. There are two types of CNS.CNS-I is fatal because of the bilirubin encephalopathy combined with severe un conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, while CNS-II is a moderate fo...

The authors present the case of a newborn of an Rh-factorsensitized mother, who received early hospital discharge while icteric only to be readmitted at an Emergency Service at five days of age with signs of kernicterus. Despite treatment given, the neonate progressed with a clinical picture of bilirubin encephalopathy. The lack of interaction between the obstetric and neonatal teams, premature...

to evaluate the changes of abr values in hyperbilirubinemic newborns, 85 cases with severe jaundice (total bilirubin levels over 16 mg/dl and direct bilirubin less than 2 mg/dl) were selected from those admitted to children's medical center by simple sampling method. these infants had no other problem except jaundice. abr was taken before treatment in all cases and in some (10 cases) after...

To evaluate the changes of ABR values in hyperbilirubinemic newborns, 85 cases with severe jaundice (total bilirubin levels over 16 mg/dL and direct bilirubin less than 2 mg/dL) were selected from those admitted to Children's Medical Center by simple sampling method. These infants had no other problem except jaundice. ABR was taken before treatment in all cases and in some (10 cases) after...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Bilirubin/albumin ratio (B/A) may provide a better estimate of free bilirubin than total serum bilirubin (TSB), thus improving identification of newborns at risk for bilirubin encephalopathy. The objective of the study was to identify thresholds and compare specificities of TSB and B/A in detecting patients with acute and posttreatment auditory and neurologic impairment...