Neurogenic bladder is a very broad disease definition that encompasses varied disease and injury states affecting the bladder. The majority of patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction do not have concomitant intrinsic sphincteric deficiency (ISD), but when this occurs the challenges of management of urinary incontinence from neurogenic bladder are compounded. There are no guidelines for sur...

Hypothesis / aims of study Interstitial cystitis (IC) is one of chronic diseases of the urinary bladder characterized by urinary frequency, urgency, and pelvic pain associated with bladder distention. Although the symptoms and specific findings during cystoscopy are obvious, the etiology remains unclear. Recently, it has been suggested that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) releases from the bladder...

Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been suggested to play a role in bladder pain by mediating inflammation (12) and functional changes in sensory and sympathetic neurons innervating the urinary bladder (5). Clinically, diseases such as interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) have been associated with elevated urinary levels of NGF (10) and the urothelium of individuals with IC/PBS pr...

The article is devoted to the problem of arterial hypertension due rare pathology caused by excessive production adrenal hormones on example its own clinical observations: ectopic ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome, primary aldosteronism, androsteroma, pheochromocytoma bladder. issue timely diagnosis and adequate treatment these diseases remains one urgent tasks medicine.

The role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is well known in immunity, inflammation, and cancer. Because NF-κB is associated with various diseases, such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, asthma, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease, many studies have focused on the IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB pathway as a treatment target [1]. In the bladder urothelium, NF-κB is associated with interstitial cystitis...

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) include storage, voiding and post-micturition symptoms, featuring many urological diseases. Storage symptoms are the most frequent among these and associated with overactive bladder and non-bacterial bladder inflammation such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Gap junction, a key regulator of hyperactive conditions in the bladder, has be...

BACKGROUND Many epidemiological studies and reviews have been performed to identify the causes of bladder cancer. The aim of this review is to investigate the links between various environmental risk factors and cancer of the bladder. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Scholar Google and Russian Google databases to identify reviews and e...

Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A), derived from Clostridium botulinum, has been used clinically for several diseases or syndrome including chronic migraine, spasticity, focal dystonia and other neuropathic pain. Chronic pelvic or bladder pain is the one of the core symptoms of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC). However, in the field of urology, chronic bladder or pelvic pain is...

Congenital anomalies such as meningomyelocele and diseases/damage of the central, peripheral, or autonomic nervous systems may produce neurogenic bladder dysfunction, which untreated can result in progressive renal damage, adverse physical effects including decubiti and urinary tract infections, and psychological and social sequelae related to urinary incontinence. A comprehensive bladder-retra...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for normal embryonic development, and maintenance of adult vascular function. Originally described as a vascular permeability factor, VEGF alters tight cell junctions and contributes to maintenance of bladder permeability. VEGF and its receptors are not only expressed in bladder blood vessels but also in apical cells and intramural ganglia....