BACKGROUND Isolated pure blowout fractures are clinically important because they are the main cause of serious complications such as diplopia and limitation of extraocular movement. Many reports have described the incidence of blowout fractures associated with diplopia and limitation of extraocular movement; however, no studies have statistically analyzed this relationship. The purpose of this ...

In this article we describe the surgical management of retrosternal goiters via a limited thoracocervical approach, and we explore how the respective surgical know-how can be used in the management of the carotid blowout syndrome. Four cases involving patients who had undergone thyroidectomy via a limited thoracocervical approach are retrospectively reviewed. An acute blowout of the innominate ...

Transient anisocoria is rare during blowout fracture reconstruction. We report a case of transient anisocoria occurring during medial blowout fracture reconstruction and review the relevant literature. A 54-year-old woman was struck in the face and was admitted for a medial blowout fracture of the left eye. During the operation, persistent bleeding occurred. To control this bleeding, a 1% lidoc...

purpose : to report a case of total blindness a few hours after orbital blowout fracture repair the visual acuity (va) returned to normal after immediate reoperation. case report : a 21-year-old man with obvious enophthalmos in the left side, 2 weeks after car accident, was candidate for orbital floor reconstruction surgery. anterior orbitotomy from subcilliary incision was done and at the end ...

Blowout bifurcation in chaotic dynamical systems occurs when a chaotic attractor, lying in some invariant subspace, becomes transversely unstable. We establish quantitative characterization of the blowout bifurcation by unstable periodic orbits embedded in the chaotic attractor. We argue that the bifurcation is mediated by changes in the transverse stability of an infinite number of unstable pe...

We investigate growth of the excitable Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction in chaotic, time-varying flows. In slow flows, reacted regions tend to lie near vortex edges, whereas fast flows restrict reacted regions to vortex cores. We show that reacted regions travel toward vortex centers faster as flow speed increases, but nonreactive scalars do not. For either slow or fast flows, reaction is promoted...

With the recent advent of accurate orbital volume assessment by computed tomography, a retrospective analysis was made of 31 patients with 'pure' blowout fracture of the orbital floor, managed either surgically or conservatively, to determine whether orbital volume measurement could provide an additional parameter of use in the management of such fractures. There was a significant difference in...

PURPOSE To examine the type of orbital blowout fracture and its variation with race. DESIGN Retrospective review of computed tomography (CT) scans and demography in an unselected cohort of patients with orbital blowout fractures. PARTICIPANTS Patients with a high-resolution CT scan of adequate quality for analysis who presented with an orbital blowout fracture to the Orbital Clinic at Moorf...

Brown syndrome is known as limited elevation of the affected eye during adduction. It is caused by a disorder of the superior oblique tendon, which makes it difficult for the eyeball to look upward, especially during adduction. It is classified into congenital true sheath Brown syndrome and acquired simulated Brown syndrome. Acquired simulated Brown syndrome can be caused by trauma, infection, ...

Secondary enophthalmos caused by an untreated orbital blowout fracture can cause esthetic and functional disturbances. The esthetic defect is manifested by sinking of the superior sulcus and the hypophthalmic globe. Functional impairment of the eye can usually be a common complaint with restriction of eye motion and diplopia. Early diagnosis followed by repair of surgically correctable fracture...