The angiosperm family Boraginaceae includes ca. 1600 species distributed among ca. 110 genera. Some floral features are constant within the family, but many vegetative, floral, pollen, and nutlet traits vary. Utilizing 224 species of Boraginaceae and related taxa, five matrices were constructed with various combinations of morphological characters, three chloroplast DNA regions, and one nuclear...

Echium Amoenum (Boraginaceae) is one of the important medicinal herbs in traditional medicine. It has known for its variety effects such as demulcent, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, especially for common cold, anxiolytic and sedative, this plant contains small quantities of pyrrolizidine alkaloids that are toxic and chronic consumption may have adverse effects on the body's organs. in th...

INTRODUCTION Borage (Echium amoenum) is a large annual plant of the Boraginaceae family that grows in most parts of Europe and in northern parts of Iran. The flower of borage is used as a medicinal herb in various countries as an antifebrile and antidepressant, for treatment of stress, circulatory heart diseases and pulmonary complaints, as a poultice for inflammatory swellings, as a diuretic, ...

Abstract The effect of zinc on seed germination in two species the Echium genus ( russicum J.F. Gmelin and vulgare L.) was investigated. Zinc used as sulphate three different concentrations: 100 mg∕ l; 200 mg ∕ l și 300 treatment applied to seeds before germination, exposure time being short (4 hours 8 hours). Seed monitored daily for a period 14 days. test assessed by calculating four indicato...

Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey. (Boraginaceae) is a very popular medicinal plant that is used as a tonic, tranquillizer, diaphoretic, and a remedy for cough, sore throat and pneumonia in traditional medicine of Iran. Callus culture of medicinal plants is one of the ways for production of secondary metabolites. In this study, we investigated callus culture of E. amoenum and the major secondary meta...