Introduction Normal Physiology during Sleep: Changes with Maturation and Development Changes in Respiration during Sleep Thoracic Mechanics Upper Airway Ventilatory Control Arousal Apnea Gas Exchange Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Epidemiology Pathophysiology Complications Evaluation Treatment Long-term Outcome Central Hypoventilation Syndromes Definition Etiology Evaluation Treatment Chronic...

BACKGROUND It is well known that mucosal changes and alterations in liver function occur in the experimental obstructive jaundice model. AIMS We aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on obstructive jaundice-induced changes in the small bowel mucosa and liver using ischaemia-modified albumin as a marker of oxidative damage. STUDY DESIGN Animal experimentation. METHODS The study used ...

BACKGROUND Despite the proliferation of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP), postoperative bowel obstructions still occur from mesocolonic constrictions, internal hernias, and anastomotic strictures. Obstructed patients do not present with a characteristic history and physical. Therefore, radiographic studies including upper gastrointestinal films and computed tomography are essentia...

Painful functional bowel syndromes such as irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia (FD) are characterized by unexplained persistent or recurrent pain in the abdomen. These syndromes are common across the world, affecting up to 15–20% of the population [3,10,12,15]. A number of mechanisms have been suggested to explain this syndrome, with two major themes dominating the clinical litera...

The small bowel has been a difficult area to examine due to its anatomy, location and relative tortuosity. Capsule technology has revolutionized the imaging of small bowel. Capsule endoscopy has been recommended as the 3rd diagnostic test for patients with obscure bleeding after a normal endoscopic evaluation of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Many studies have established its role ...

Rapid tumor lysis following intensive chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced tumors has been described as resulting in spontaneous malignant pneumothorax and gastric or bowel perforation. Bowel wall involvement by tumors may lead to necrosis and, eventually, to perforative sequelae such as intra-abdominal abscess formation, clearly visualized on CT scan and/or by ultrasonography [1-3]....

In recent decades, awareness of sleep apnoea syndromes has increased both in the public mind and among medical professionals. As a result, the number of patients referred for evaluation to a sleep clinic has increased dramatically. The term sleep ‘disordered breathing’ comprises the whole continuum, from chronic snoring to obstructive sleep apnoea and the so-called ‘Pickwick syndrome’. Obstruct...

This paper records some experience with the Scott Harden technique of small intestinal intubation for performing small bowel enemas. It is particularly recommended for searching for obstructive or infiltrative lesions of the small intestine.

The development of capsule endoscopy (CE) in 2001 has given gastroenterologists the opportunity to investigate the small bowel in a non-invasive way. CE is most commonly performed for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, but other indications include diagnosis or follow-up of Crohn's disease, suspicion of a small bowel tumor, diagnosis and surveillance of hereditary polyposis syndromes, Nonsteroi...

Primary lymphoma of the duodenum presenting with obstructive jaundice is a rare entity. We report a case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the duodenum producing obstructive jaundice in a middle aged lady, where the concentric thickening of the duodenal wall also gave rise to symptomatic partial high small bowel obstruction in due course. Guided aspiration and flowcytometry established a dia...