OBJECTIVE To determine if there is a gender difference in the incidence and outcomes of sport concussion. DESIGN Critical literature review of sport concussion by gender. INTERVENTION PubMed and major sports medicine journals were reviewed using the keywords concussion and gender. Articles included in this paper were English prospective surveillance that included concussion as an injury opt...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Soldiers of Operations Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Iraqi Freedom (OIF) sustain blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (concussion) with alarming regularity. This study discusses factors in addition to concussion, such as co-morbid psychological difficulty (e.g. post-traumatic stress) and symptom validity concerns that may complicate neuropsychological evaluation in the la...

American football reports high incidences of head injuries, in particular, concussion. Research has described concussion as primarily a rotation dominant injury affecting the diffuse areas of brain tissue. Current standards do not measure how helmets manage rotational acceleration or how acceleration loading curves influence brain deformation from an impact and thus are missing important inform...

Tens of thousands of Iranians were killed and more were physically and/or mentally injured in Iran-Iraq war (1980-1988). During this war the most extensive use of chemical weapons in recent years by Iraq was reported against Iranian veterans and also Iranian and Iraqi civilians. In this study we aimed at finding probable neuropsychological injuries in victims of chemical weapons comparing other...

Tens of thousands of Iranians were killed and more were physically and/or mentally injured in Iran-Iraq war (1980-1988). During this war the most extensive use of chemical weapons in recent years by Iraq was reported against Iranian veterans and also Iranian and Iraqi civilians. In this study we aimed at finding probable neuropsychological injuries in victims of chemical weapons comparing other...

Concussion, or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a growing concern, especially among the pediatric population. By age 25, as many as 30% of the population are likely to have had a concussion. Many result in long-term disability, with some evolving to postconcussion syndrome. Treatments are being developed, but are difficult to assess given the lack of measures to quantitatively monitor con...

Concussion has been in the medical lexicon since Hippocrates, and widespread viewing of sports concussion is now commonplace. This mildest form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has obvious acute effects, but motor symptoms seem to abate quickly as the concussed player leaves the contest. The prompt return to baseline in most sports concussions could be considered as evidence for the transient na...

Background Emerging research proposes the imbalance between microvascular supply and metabolic demand as a contributing factor in the pathophysiology of mild traumatic brain injury. Prolonged effects on the dysregulation of neurovascular coupling may explain persistent symptomatic models such as Post-Concussion Syndrome. Objective Increased knowledge of what we refer to as neurovascular uncou...

UNLABELLED PURPOSE OF THE STATEMENT: ▸ To provide an evidence-based, best practises summary to assist physicians with the evaluation and management of sports concussion. ▸ To establish the level of evidence, knowledge gaps and areas requiring additional research. IMPORTANCE OF AN AMSSM STATEMENT ▸ Sports medicine physicians are frequently involved in the care of patients with sports concussi...

Concussion is a physiologic brain injury that produces systemic and cognitive symptoms. The metabolic and physiologic changes of concussion result in altered autonomic function and control of cerebral blood flow. Evaluation and treatment approaches based upon the physiology of concussion may therefore add a new dimension to concussion care. In this article, we discuss the use of a standard trea...