Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a serious disease of the nervous system, in which brain and spinal cord cannot communicate properly with muscles to coordinate body’s movements. Consequently, gradually stop working things like walking, eating, breathing, speaking become more difficult. Many aspects ALS remain mystery, but we know that cells called neurons run out energy patients, resultin...

Tumor suppressor gene p53 and its aggregate have been found to be involved in many angiogenesis-related pathways. We explored the possible aggregation formation mechanisms commonly occur after ischemic stroke, such as hypoxia presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The angiogenic pathways involving mainly nucleus or cytoplasm, with one exception that occurs mitochondria. Considering high mit...

Developmental differences in mitochondrial content and metabolic enzyme activities have been defined, but less is understood about the responses of brain mitochondria to stressful stimuli during development. Cerebral mitochondrial response to high Ca(2+) loads after brain injury is a critical determinant of neuronal outcome. Brain mitochondria isolated from 16-18-day-old rats had lower maximal,...

Brain mitochondria are known to differ in many respects from the mitochondria of other tissues in their sensitivity to drugs and to other exogenous factors (l-4) as well as in the nature and organization of their component enzyme systems (5-7). Comparative studies of brain mitochondria may aid in the eventual understanding of the relationship between the special features of brain mitochondria a...

Brain mitochondria are known to differ in many respects from the mitochondria of other tissues in their sensitivity to drugs and to other exogenous factors (l-4) as well as in the nature and organization of their component enzyme systems (5-7). Comparative studies of brain mitochondria may aid in the eventual understanding of the relationship between the special features of brain mitochondria a...

Previously, we demonstrated that the endogenous glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenic acid dose-dependently and significantly affected rat heart mitochondria. Now we have investigated the effects of L-tryptophan, L-kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine and kynurenic, anthranilic, 3-hydroxyanthranilic, xanthurenic and quinolinic acids on respiratory parameters (ie, state 2, state 3), respiratory con...

A method has been developed whereby a fraction of rat brain mitochondria (synaptic mitochondria) was isolated from synaptosomes. This brain mitochondrial fraction was compared with the fraction of "free" brain mitochondria (non-synaptic) isolated by the method of Clark & Nicklas (1970). (J. Biol. Chem. 245, 4724-4731). Both mitochondrial fractions are shown to be relatively pure, metabolically ...

Oxidative phosphorylation is a key process of intracellular energy transfer by which mitochondria produce ATP. Isolated mitochondria serve as a biological model for understanding the mitochondrial respiration control, effects of various biologically active substances, and pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases. The aim of our study was to evaluate pig brain mitochondria as a proper biologica...