The aim of this study was to determine how an additional load influences the force-vs-time relationship of the countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ). The participants that took part in the experiment were 18 male university students who played sport recreationally, including regular games of volleyball. They were asked to perform a CMVJ without involving the arms under four conditions: without a...

Original scientific paper This paper shows a thermal and tension analysis of a brake disc for railway vehicles. The FEM (Finite Element Method) was used to carry out the analysis. The analysis deals with one cycle of braking – braking from maximum velocity to a standstill, cooling off faze and then accelerating to maximum velocity and again braking to a standstill. This case of braking represen...

We investigated the normal and parallel ground reaction forces during downhill and uphill running. Our rationale was that these force data would aid in the understanding of hill running injuries and energetics. Based on a simple spring-mass model, we hypothesized that the normal force peaks, both impact and active, would increase during downhill running and decrease during uphill running. We an...

BACKGROUND Precise force generation and absorption during stepping over different obstacles need to be quantified for task accomplishment. This study aimed to quantify how the lead limb (LL) and trail limb (TL) generate and absorb forces while stepping over obstacle of various heights. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirteen healthy young women participated in the study. Force data were collected from ...

In this paper two different Antilock braking system (ABS) are simulated and compared. One is the ordinary hydraulic ABS system which we call it ABS and the other is Electromagnetic Antilock braking system which is called (EMABS) the basis of performance of an EMABS is based upon Electromagnetic force. In this system there is no need to use servo hydraulic booster which are used in ABS system. I...

Animals alter their locomotor mechanics to adapt to a loss of limb function. To better understand their compensatory mechanisms, this study evaluated the changes in the fore-aft ground forces to forelimb lameness and tested the hypothesis that dogs unload the affected limb by producing a nose-up pitching moment via the exertion of a net-propulsive force when the lame limb is on the ground. Seve...

This paper develops a nonlinear anti-lock braking system combined with active suspensions applied to a quarter-vehicle model by employing nonlinear backstepping control design schemes. An anti-lock braking system must have the potentials to release the wheel-locking situation and assist the car to stop at shorter distance. Although the braking distance can be reduced by the control torque from ...