In October 2011, a snowstorm in the northeastern USA caused many branch failures of many tree species commonly planted in urbanized settings. Immediately following the storm, we assessed 1,764 trees for possible snow-induced damage and factors affecting it on the campus of the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, MA, USA. Nearly all failures were of branches, most of which were not defective...

Information on the effects of branch diameter on branch occlusion is necessary for building models capable of forecasting the effect of management decisions on tree or log grade. We investigated the relationship between branch size and subsequent branch occlusion through diameter growth with special attention toward the development of a simple single regressor equation for use in future hardwoo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite the importance of embolism as a major cause of brain infarction, little is known about the hemodynamic factors governing the path large emboli tend to follow. Our aim was to test in vitro, whether hemodynamic parameters other than flow ratios between bifurcation branches may affect the distribution of embolic particles in a Y-shaped bifurcation model, used as an a...

OBJECTIVES To assess the extent of neointimal proliferation and the safety and efficacy of stent redilatation in patients with stents implanted for aortic coarctation or branch pulmonary artery stenosis. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING Tertiary referral centre. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS Of 60 patients with Palmaz stents, 12 with coarctation and 12 with branch pulmonary ...

Objectives: To assess the extent of neointimal proliferation and the safety and efficacy of stent redilatation in patients with stents implanted for aortic coarctation or branch pulmonary artery stenosis. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: Tertiary referral centre. Patients and interventions: Of 60 patients with Palmaz stents, 12 with coarctation and 12 with branch pulmonary ar...

Anteromedial thigh (AMT) flaps based on lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) have characteristics which make them favourable for use in reconstruction of extensive thigh, head, neck and leg defects. AMT flap which is elevated on the artery has the advantages of low donor site morbidity and preservation of main arteries. Due to inconstant anatomy of the pedicle, the flap is mostly not prefer...

PAGE INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 95 The problem, p. 95; advantages of Arcella for genetic studies, p. 96; characters studied, p. 97; cultural methods, p. 97; fission in Arcella, p. gg parent and offspring, p. gg; counting generations, p. 100; preservation of specimens, p. IOI ; length of life and number of progeny, p. 101 ; computations, p. 102...

We employed F-statistics to analyze quantitative and isozyme variation among five populations of Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia, a wind-pollinated outcrossing conifer with wide and continuous distribution in west North America. Estimates of population differentiation (FST) for six quantitative traits were compared with the overall estimate of the differentiation (F*ST) from 19 isozymes that test...

Provisional side-branch stenting is currently the most widely accepted percutaneous technique for the treatment of bifurcation lesions. However, abrupt closure of the side branch may occur after main vessel stent implantation. Resolving side-branch stenosis under these conditions may pose major technical difficulties. We describe a new technique to resolve uncrossable side-branch occlusion foll...