breaking waves have ability to transport large quantities of sediment and significant impact on coastal structures morphology. hence, modeling of wave breaking is an important subject in coastal and marine engineering. in this research, the periodic wave breaking process on a plane slope is studied experimentally and numerically. laboratory experiments were conducted to record water surface ele...

Steep, short-crested waves, as well as a large variety of three-dimensional propagating wave patterns have been created in laboratory, utilizing a plunging half-cone. Monochromatic waves, over a range of frequencies and amplitudes through breaking and including soliton wave groups near resonance, have been observed and studied in a small wave flume. This monochromatic wavemaker creates complex ...

In their seminal paper of 1981, Knuth and Plass described how to apply the method of discrete dynamic programming to the problem of breaking a paragraph into lines. This paper outlines how the same method can be applied to the problem of page make up, or in other words breaking paragraphs into pages. One of the key ideas is that there must be interaction between the line breaking and page break...

stand establishment in crusting soil is one of the main concerns in the production of crops with delicate seedlings such as cotton, onions and rape seed. crust breaking, maintaining soil moisture and adding chemical and organic amendments to soil are different methods to weaken soil strength and allow the shoots to emerge. these methods are not always successful because they depend on factors s...